Government of India

About: Government of India is a government organization based out in New Delhi, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Government. The organization has 2945 authors who have published 2999 publications receiving 44942 citations. The organization is also known as: Union Government & Central Government.

Geodynamic Implications for the 8 October 2005 North Pakistan Earthquake

Abstract: We propose here that the 8 October 2005 North Pakistan earthquake occurred beneath the wedge-top of Balakot Formation in the Hazara-Kashmir syntaxial area. Slip occurred along the Muzaffarabad thrust, a southeast extended part of the Indus-Kohistan seismic zone. Tectonic loading of the high-density wedge/thrust sheet between the wedge-top and the descending Indian lithosphere coupled with continued flexural tectonics provoked this earthquake. The obliquely converging Indian plate along with block rotations led to development of a pinned zone around Northwestern Syntaxis of the Himalayas. Strain adjustment related to the rotational deformation processes resulted in the buckling of the more competent rock-units sandwiched between the less competent rock-units around the Hazara-Kashmir syntaxis. The western limb of the buckled unit gave rise to the development of thrusts and associated oblique slip in the inner arc of the competent rock-unit. The observations demonstrate reactivated tectonic movement along the growing fracture-tip of the buried Riasi thrust.

Estimation of Source Parameters, Quality Factor (QS), and Site Characteristics Using Accelerograms: Uttarakhand Himalaya Region

Abstract: A study of source, path, and site characteristics was conducted for the Uttarakhand Himalaya region using accelerogram data from 15 earthquakes ( M L ≥3.5). These earthquakes were recorded at the 16‐station accelerograph network operated by the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, during 2005–2011. The average seismic moment ( M 0 ) of the studied earthquakes ranges between 1.20×10 22 and 1.02×10 24 dyn·cm, and the average moment magnitude ( M w ) is between 4.0 and 5.3. The estimated corner frequency ( f c ) varies from 1.1 to 3.3 Hz, radius of rupture ( r d ) from 0.5 to 1.4 km, and stress drop (Δ σ ) from 6 to 172 bars, indicating continuous seismic energy release in the Uttarakhand region. The interdependence between estimated source parameters is shown by determining scaling laws for the studied region. The constant Q 0 of the shear‐wave quality factor ( Q S = Q 0 f n ) varies between 40 and 300 and exponent n varies between 0.85 and 1.5, providing an average relation of Q S =174 f 1.27 . However, least‐square fitting of the observed data set in the frequency range 0.1–20 Hz gives Q S as 159 f 1.16 . The value of Q S demonstrates that the region is heterogeneous, seismically active, and attenuative. The high‐frequency spectral fall‐off factor ( γ ) varies from 1.3 to 2.1 and the upper crustal attenuation factor ( κ ) from 0.023 to 0.07 s at different sites, with an average of 0.044 s. The site response characteristics are estimated by horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) and generalized inversion (GINV) techniques; results obtained from both the techniques show 1:1 correspondence. The site amplification factor varies between 2.3 and 9.4 using HVSR and between 2.6 and 10.9 using GINV among different stations. The predominant frequency ranges from 1.3 to 8.3 Hz with HVSR and from 1.3 to and 9.0 Hz with GINV. Online Material: Tables of source, path, and site parameters with associated errors at different sites for the earthquakes recorded from December 2005 to March 2011. Figures represent accelerogram records, source spectra matching, and site amplification patterns.

Naturopathic medicine in India

Abstract: Background Naturopathy is a traditional system of medicine that believes in the body's innate capacity to heal itself. In India, the philosophy and practice of naturopathy differs from that of other countries. Yet little is known about the practice and regulatory affairs of naturopathy in India. Objectives To explore the Indian perspective of naturopathy in terms of philosophy, practice, regulatory issues, challenges and future directions. Methods An online literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords ‘naturopathic medicine’, ‘AYUSH systems’, ‘naturopathy’ and ‘CAM in India’. Websites of universities and government bodies were also searched for details regarding regulation and registration. Unstructured interviews were conducted with eminent experts and local physicians via telephone and in person to understand the challenges in practice and their views on the standardisation of naturopathy. Results Naturopathic medicine in India is a purely drugless approach. Naturopathic physicians use diet therapy, mud, hydrotherapy, massage, acupuncture, chromotherapy, magnet therapy, acupressure and yoga therapy as their main interventions. Lack of appropriate regulatory bodies, research, uniformity in practice and adequate support from the government are the main issues facing the naturopathic community in India. Conclusion Naturopathy, as practised in India, is a drugless system that believes in the body's self-healing capability. The lack of solid evidence for many of its modalities indicates the need to offer adequate research training to professionals to assist them in building an evidence-based practice. The standardisation of naturopathy can only happen by forming a central regulatory council and by calibrating its educational standards with respect to traditional philosophies.