Lehigh University

About: Lehigh University is a education organization based out in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Fracture mechanics. The organization has 12684 authors who have published 26550 publications receiving 770061 citations.

The Effects of Schema-Based Instruction on the Mathematical Word-Problem-Solving Performance of Students with Learning Disabilities.

Abstract: This study examined the effects of a schema-based direct instruction strategy on the word-problem-solving performance of three third- and fourth-grade students (2 girls, 1 boy) with learning disabilities An adapted multiple-probe-across-students design was used Results indicated that the intervention was successful in increasing the percentage of correct solutions to word problems for all 3 students In addition, maintenance of word-problem solving was seen 2 to 3 weeks after the study Student interviews indicated that the strategy was beneficial Further research with different students and problem types (eg, multistep) and an investigation of the long-term effects of the strategy and its use in novel settings appear warranted

Androgen receptor in mouse brain: sex differences and similarities in autoregulation.

Abstract: The androgen receptor (AR) is generally considered an autoregulated protein However, studies in brain have produced mixed results regarding sex differences, which should be present given the higher endogenous levels of androgens in males, and the effects of gonadectomy, which presumably should lead to a loss of AR Resolving these issues is a necessary step in developing a model of AR regulation in the central nervous system and, more broadly, in determining how regulation of this receptor may mediate neural target tissue responsiveness to androgen To further investigate these issues, the distribution, density, and regulation of neural AR were compared among male and female mice that were intact, gonadectomized, or gonadectomized and given testosterone propionate (TP) through immunocytochemical and Western blot analyses Four brain areas that have been linked to the regulation of male-typical behavior were evaluated: bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, posterior aspect, medial preoptic area, and dorsal and ventral aspects of the lateral septum In the immunocytochemical study, integrated particle density, which reflects the average intensity of AR staining, was assessed among the six groups 24 h after surgery using PG-21, a peptide-based AR antiserum Major findings included regional differences in the intensity of immunostaining; a robust sexual dimorphism in each region, with males exhibiting more intense staining than females; a loss of AR in both sexes after gonadectomy, with more dramatic changes evident in males; and significant up-regulation of AR in response to TP that was equivalent in both sexes The Western blot analyses of AR in limbic system extracts prepared from the six groups showed a pattern of differences that mirrored the immunocytochemical results, indicating that PG-21 recognized both liganded and unliganded AR In addition, a dose-response study, in which gonadectomized males and females were administered from 25-1000 microg TP, demonstrated a significant linear trend in up-regulation of AR in both males and females, with no sexual dimorphism in the response to hormone treatment These results demonstrate that the regulation of AR in both male and female neural tissue is comparable and that the critical determinant of AR expression is the presence or absence of androgen

Optimal Resilience- and Cost-Based Postdisaster Intervention Prioritization for Bridges along a Highway Segment

Abstract: In this paper, a general framework for the optimal resilience- and cost-based prioritization of interventions on bridges distributed along a highway connection between two cities that have experienced a disruptive natural or man-made event is proposed. Given the structural damage levels after the extreme event and the bridge characteristics, the proposed computational procedure finds the best intervention schedules, defined as starting time and progress pace of the restoration. The possible intervention schedules are considered optimal when they maximize the resilience of the highway segment and minimize the total cost of interventions. Because the two objectives are conflicting, the procedure uses genetic algorithms (GAs) to automatically generate a Pareto front of optimal solutions. Numerical examples are presented and discussed.