Lehigh University

About: Lehigh University is a education organization based out in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Fracture mechanics. The organization has 12684 authors who have published 26550 publications receiving 770061 citations.

Supervisee multicultural case conceptualization ability and self-reported multicultural competence as functions of supervisee racial identity and supervisor focus.

Abstract: The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that supervisees' multicultural case conceptualization ability and self-reported multicultural competence are functions of their racial identity and their supervisors' instruction to focus on multicultural issues. Results from 116 supervisees, both Persons of Color and White persons, indicated that their racial identity was significantly related to self-reported multicultural competence. However, racial identity for both groups was not significantly related to multicultural case conceptualization ability. Furthermore, self-reported multicultural competence was not found to be significantly related to multicultural case conceptualization ability. However, supervisors' instruction to focus on multicultural issues was significantly related to conceptualizations of a multicultural treatment strategy. Theoretical, empirical, and practical implications for multicultural counselor supervision are addressed.

Charge retention of scaled SONOS nonvolatile memory devices at elevated temperatures

Abstract: The charge retention characteristics in scaled SONOS nonvolatile memory devices with an effective gate oxide thickness of 94 A and a tunnel oxide of 15 A are investigated in a temperature range from room temperature to 175°C. Electron charge decay rate is sensitive to the temperature, whereas hole charge decay rate remains essentially constant. Based on experimental observations and an amphoteric trap model for nitride traps, an analytical model for charge retention of the excess electron state is developed. Using this thermal activated electron retention model, the trap distribution in energy within the nitride film is extracted.

Plantwide control design procedure

Abstract: Plantwide control involves the systems and strategies required to control an entire chemical plant consisting of many interconnected unit operations. A general heuristic design procedure is presented that generates an effective plantwide control structure for an entire complex process flowsheet and not simply individual units. The nine steps of the proposed procedure center around the fundamental principles of plantwide control: energy management; production rate; product quality; operational, environmental and safety constraints; liquid-level and gas-pressure inventories; makeup of reactants; component balances; and economic or process optimization. Application of the procedure is illustrated with three industrial examples: the vinyl acetate monomer process, the Eastman plantwide-control process, and the HDA process.

Concept of Functionally Graded Materials for Advanced Thermal Barrier Coating Applications

Abstract: This feature article explores the concept of creating functionally graded metal-ceramic composite microstructures for thermal barrier coatings used in gas-turbine applications. From a thermomechanical perspective, this concept offers the possibility of significantly improving the life and reliability of thermal barrier coatings. However, prior research reveals that progress has been somewhat limited because of the oxidative instability exhibited by some metal-ceramic composite microstructures. The present study addresses some of the materials criteria and research issues associated with preparing chemically stable, yet mechanically durable, graded metal-ceramic microstructures for realistic application environments.

An Exploratory Study of Schema-Based Word-Problem—Solving Instruction for Middle School Students with Learning Disabilities: An Emphasis on Conceptual and Procedural Understanding

Abstract: This exploratory study extends the research on schema-based strategy instruction by investigating its effects on the mathematical problem solving of 4 middle school students with learning disabilities who were low-performing in mathematics. A multiple-probe-across-participants design included baseline, treatment, generalization, and maintenance. During treatment, students received schema strategy training in problem schemata (conceptual understanding) and problem solution (procedural understanding). Results indicated that the schema-based strategy was effective in substantially increasing the number of correctly solved multiplication and division word problems for all 4 participants. Maintenance of strategy effects was evident for 10, 51/2, and 21/2 weeks following the termination of instruction for Sara, Tony, and Percy, respectively. In addition, the effects of instruction generalized to novel word problems for all 4 participants.