National Chemical Laboratory

About: National Chemical Laboratory is a facility organization based out in Pune, Maharashtra, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Nanoparticle. The organization has 8891 authors who have published 14837 publications receiving 387600 citations.

Molecular mapping of wilt resistance genes in chickpea

Abstract: Fusarium wilt is a widespread and serious chickpea disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri (Foc). We evaluated an F9 recombinant inbred line population of chickpea for resistance to three Foc races (1, 2 and 3) in pot culture experiments and identified flanking and tightly linked DNA markers for the resistance genes. The simple sequence repeat markers H3A12 and TA110 flanked the Foc1 locus at 3.9 and 2.1 cM, respectively, while Foc2 was mapped 0.2 cM from TA96 and 2.7 cM from H3A12. The H1B06y and TA194 markers flanked the Foc3 locus at 0.2 and 0.7 cM, respectively. These markers were also validated using 16 diverse chickpea genotypes. Identification of tightly linked flanking markers for wilt resistance genes will be useful for their exploitation in breeding programs and to understand the mechanism of resistance and evolution of the genes.

Hydrogenation of phenol over supported platinum and palladium catalysts

Abstract: The vapour-phase hydrogenation of phenol over platinum and palladium supported on alumina and zeolite LTL was studied in a vertical fixed-bed high-pressure reactor. The major products of the hydrogenation reaction were cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol with cyclohexane, cyclohexene and benzene as the minor products. The selectivity for the major products was upto 99%, the conversion being influenced by temperature, feed rate and the partial pressure of hydrogen. Platinum catalysts were found to be better for the production of cyclohexanol while palladium catalysts favoured cyclohexanone production. The platinum catalysts also showed twice as much overall conversion as the palladium catalysts.

Solid acid catalyzed depolymerization of lignin into value added aromatic monomers

Abstract: Depolymerization of lignin to produce value-added aromatic monomers has attracted a lot of attention since these monomers can potentially be used as fuel additives (octane enhancers) and in turn can improve the prospects of cellulosic ethanol technology to become economically feasible. Here we show that solid acid catalysts could efficiently convert lignin into value added aromatic monomers with 60% yields and ca. 95% mass balance when depolymerization reactions were carried out at 250 °C for 30–120 minutes. We found that the reaction parameters have a remarkable effect on improving the yields.

Digestive Ripening: A Fine Chemical Machining Process on the Nanoscale.

Abstract: A comprehensive overview of the process of digestive ripening that is known to convert polydisperse nanocrystals to monodisperse ones is presented. Apart from highlighting the role of organic molecules (ligands) in achieving size control, the roles of other parameters such as the nanocrystal–ligand binding strength and the temperature at which the reaction is carried out in accomplishing size control are also delineated. The generality of the procedure is illustrated by providing examples of how it is used to prepare monodisperse nanocrystals of different metals, alloy systems, and ultrasmall nanocrystals and also to narrow the size distribution in complex binary and ternary nanocrystal systems. Finally, the current status as far as the theoretical understanding of how size control is being achieved by digestive ripening is laid out, emphasizing at the same time the necessity to undertake more systematic studies to completely realize the full potential of this practically very useful procedure.

Changes in DWI and MRS associated with white matter hyperintensities in elderly subjects.

Abstract: Objective: To assess normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) characteristics by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in elderly subjects. Methods: The authors studied 60 volunteers (mean age 72.6 years; SD 4.7; range 64 to 84 years) without signs of neurologic illness. They used DWI and spectroscopic imaging to investigate whether there were changes in the NAWM that related to the presence of white matter hyperintensities (WMH). Results: The authors found a correlation (p Conclusions: Damage associated with WMH is detectable in NAWM.