Institution
National Institutes of Health
Government•Bethesda, Maryland, United States•
About: National Institutes of Health is a government organization based out in Bethesda, Maryland, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gene. The organization has 149298 authors who have published 297896 publications receiving 21337431 citations. The organization is also known as: NIH & U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Topics: Population, Gene, Cancer, Receptor, Immune system
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Harvard University1, University of Alabama at Birmingham2, University of London3, University of Rochester4, University of Southern California5, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill6, University of Cincinnati7, University of Minnesota8, National Institutes of Health9, Merck & Co.10, University of Miami11, Northwestern University12, Bristol-Myers Squibb13
TL;DR: In this article, the efficacy and safety of adding a protease inhibitor to two nucleoside analogues to treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are not clear.
Abstract: Background The efficacy and safety of adding a protease inhibitor to two nucleoside analogues to treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are not clear. We compared treatment with the protease inhibitor indinavir in addition to zidovudine and lamivudine with treatment with the two nucleosides alone in HIV-infected adults previously treated with zidovudine. Methods A total of 1156 patients not previously treated with lamivudine or protease inhibitors were stratified according to CD4 cell count (50 or fewer vs. 51 to 200 cells per cubic millimeter) and randomly assigned to one of two daily regimens: 600 mg of zidovudine and 300 mg of lamivudine, or that regimen with 2400 mg of indinavir. Stavudine could be substituted for zidovudine. The primary end point was the time to the development of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or death. Results The proportion of patients whose disease progressed to AIDS or death was lower with indinavir, zidovudine (or stavudine), and lamivudine (...
2,615 citations
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TL;DR: Somatic mutations in primary lung adenocarcinoma for several tumour suppressor genes involved in other cancers and for sequence changes in PTPRD as well as the frequently deleted gene LRP1B are found.
Abstract: Determining the genetic basis of cancer requires comprehensive analyses of large collections of histopathologically well-classified primary tumours. Here we report the results of a collaborative study to discover somatic mutations in 188 human lung adenocarcinomas. DNA sequencing of 623 genes with known or potential relationships to cancer revealed more than 1,000 somatic mutations across the samples. Our analysis identified 26 genes that are mutated at significantly high frequencies and thus are probably involved in carcinogenesis. The frequently mutated genes include tyrosine kinases, among them the EGFR homologue ERBB4; multiple ephrin receptor genes, notably EPHA3; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor KDR; and NTRK genes. These data provide evidence of somatic mutations in primary lung adenocarcinoma for several tumour suppressor genes involved in other cancers--including NF1, APC, RB1 and ATM--and for sequence changes in PTPRD as well as the frequently deleted gene LRP1B. The observed mutational profiles correlate with clinical features, smoking status and DNA repair defects. These results are reinforced by data integration including single nucleotide polymorphism array and gene expression array. Our findings shed further light on several important signalling pathways involved in lung adenocarcinoma, and suggest new molecular targets for treatment.
2,615 citations
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TL;DR: The ability to specifically confer tumor recognition by autologous lymphocytes from peripheral blood by using a retrovirus that encodes a T cell receptor is reported.
Abstract: Through the adoptive transfer of lymphocytes after host immunodepletion, it is possible to mediate objective cancer regression in human patients with metastatic melanoma. However, the generation of tumor-specific T cells in this mode of immunotherapy is often limiting. Here we report the ability to specifically confer tumor recognition by autologous lymphocytes from peripheral blood by using a retrovirus that encodes a T cell receptor. Adoptive transfer of these transduced cells in 15 patients resulted in durable engraftment at levels exceeding 10% of peripheral blood lymphocytes for at least 2 months after the infusion. We observed high sustained levels of circulating, engineered cells at 1 year after infusion in two patients who both demonstrated objective regression of metastatic melanoma lesions. This study suggests the therapeutic potential of genetically engineered cells for the biologic therapy of cancer.
2,614 citations
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TL;DR: Evidence is reviewed indicating that striate cortex in the monkey is the source of two multisynaptic corticocortical pathways, one of which enables the visual identification of objects and the other allows instead the visual location of objects.
2,614 citations
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TL;DR: Mitophagy, the specific autophagic elimination of mitochondria, has been identified in yeast, and in mammals during red blood cell differentiation, mediated by NIP3-like protein X (NIX; also known as BNIP3L).
Abstract: Mitophagy is the selective elimination of mitochondria through autophagy Recent studies have uncovered the molecular mechanisms mediating mitophagy in yeast and mammalian cells and have revealed that the dysregulation of one of these mechanisms — the PINK1–parkin-mediated signalling pathway — may contribute to Parkinson's disease
2,608 citations
Authors
Showing all 149386 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Eric S. Lander | 301 | 826 | 525976 |
Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
JoAnn E. Manson | 270 | 1819 | 258509 |
Albert Hofman | 267 | 2530 | 321405 |
Frank B. Hu | 250 | 1675 | 253464 |
Paul M. Ridker | 233 | 1242 | 245097 |
Solomon H. Snyder | 232 | 1222 | 200444 |
Salim Yusuf | 231 | 1439 | 252912 |
Eugene Braunwald | 230 | 1711 | 264576 |
Ralph B. D'Agostino | 226 | 1287 | 229636 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Steven A. Rosenberg | 218 | 1204 | 199262 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |