Stockholm School of Economics

About: Stockholm School of Economics is a education organization based out in Stockholm, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Entrepreneurship. The organization has 1186 authors who have published 4891 publications receiving 285543 citations. The organization is also known as: Stockholm Business School & Handelshögskolan i Stockholm.

Pharmaceutical Pricing in a Regulated Market

Abstract: We compare how new pharmaceuticals are priced in the price-regulated Swedish market with how they are priced in the U.S. market, as studied by Lu and Comanor (1998). We collect a data set consisting of all new chemical entities (NCEs) launched in Sweden between 1987 and 1997, and test the same models as Lu and Comanor. In line with their results, we find that introductory prices depend on the degree of therapeutic innovation. Contrary to the results from the U.S. market, Swedish real prices for NCEs fall substantially over time for all classes of therapeutic innovation. Also contrary to the findings of Lu and Comanor, we find no effect of the presence of branded substitutes on either introduction prices or price dynamics. Our results indicate that the price regulation discourages price competition between brandname drugs.

Willingness to pay for reduced incontinence symptoms.

Abstract: Objective To measure the willingness to pay for a reduction in the number of micturitions and urinary leakages for patients with urge incontinence Patients and methods A self-administered questionnaire with a binary willingness-to-pay question was administered to 541 patients in Sweden with urge or mixed incontinence; 461 questionnaires were returned The reduction in micturitions and urinary leakages valued in the willingness-to-pay question was varied randomly between 25% and 50% in two different subsamples Information was also collected about the number of micturitions and urinary leakages, health-related quality of life and socio-economic characteristics of the patients in the study Results Quality of life was significantly related to the severity of the symptoms and was worse than that of the sex- and age-matched general Swedish population The median (mean) willingness to pay per month was 240 (530) Swedish krona (SEK, £1=SEK 1150) for a 25% reduction in micturitions and leakages and SEK 470 (1030) for a 50% reduction in micturitions and leakages As hypothesized, the willingness to pay was significantly related to the size of the reduction in micturitions and leakages, the initial number of micturitions and leakages, and income Conclusions Patients with incontinence problems are willing to pay substantial amounts for a reduction in the number of micturitions and leakages

Precautionary Savings, Retirement Planning and Misperceptions of Financial Literacy

Abstract: We measure financial literacy among LinkedIn members, complementing standard questions with additional questions that allow us to gauge self-perceptions of financial literacy. Average financial literacy is surprisingly low given the demographics of our sample: fewer than two-thirds of CFOs, CEOs, and COOs complete the test correctly. Financial literacy, precautionary savings and retirement planning are positively correlated, but this is mostly driven by perceived, not actual, literacy: controlling for self-perceptions, actual literacy has low predictive power. Perceptions drive decision-making among low-literacy respondents and are associated with mistaken beliefs about financial products and less willingness to accept financial advice.

World Views, Political Attitudes and Risk Perception

Abstract: Introduction In 1982, Douglas and Wildavsky published a widely acclaimed book in which they suggested a link between risk perception and Cultural Theory concepts.1 Proponents claim that it can explain individual differences in risk perception better than other approaches, such as personality and political attitudes.2 The theory, with a basis in anthropology,3 has been regarded as a serious alternative to the psychological, so-called psychometric approach,4 for explaining perceived risk, although comparisons of the two approaches consistently demonstrate that the psychometric model is superior when it comes to explanatory power.5 Yet, the Cultural Theory approach has seemed worthwhile since it claims to explain risk perception with variables which are semantically much more distinct from perceived risk than the psychometric scales, and perhaps due to its attractive face validity. It seems perfectly sensible, and the need for empirical study of its explanatory value is great. Cultural Theory is a complex conceptual structure and much work on the theory has been concerned with theoretical analysis or has used

Planning and the Entrepreneur : A Longitudinal Examination of Nascent Entrepreneurs in Sweden

Abstract: We studied 623 nascent entrepreneurs during a six-year period, examining how their planning decisions impact venture-level performance. Our study is unique in that we tracked nascent ventures, examining their planning behavior, including changes to plans. Relying on the theory of legitimacy, this paper adds to the scholarly debate over the merits of business planning by examining, longitudinally, the impact of planning during a six-year period, accounting for both pre-emergent nascent activity and post-emergent success factors. We found that neither formal planning nor changes in the business plan increased venture-level performance over the six-year study period.