Showing papers by "Tulane University published in 2022"
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation1, University of Notre Dame2, University of Melbourne3, University of Barcelona4, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge5, University of Queensland6, Queensland Health7, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill8, University of South Australia9, Michigan State University10, University of Health Sciences Antigua11, Vienna University of Technology12, Southern Nevada Water Authority13, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project14, Drexel University15, Arizona State University16, National Environment Agency17, University of South Florida18, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh19, University of New South Wales20, Stellenbosch University21, Hokkaido University22, United States Environmental Protection Agency23, Istituto Superiore di Sanità24, University of Georgia25, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee26, University College Dublin27, University of Guelph28, University of California, Merced29, Griffith University30, National Institute for Health and Welfare31, University of Helsinki32, National University of Salta33, Spanish National Research Council34, Tulane University35, Chulabhorn Research Institute36, National University of Singapore37, Tohoku University38, Nanyang Technological University39, University of Minnesota40
TL;DR: A technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors.
116 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , neuroinflammation, microhemorrhages, brain hypoxia, and neuropathology that is consistent with hypoxic-ischemic injury in SARS-CoV-2 infected non-human primates (NHPs), including evidence of neuron degeneration and apoptosis.
Abstract: Neurological manifestations are a significant complication of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), but underlying mechanisms aren't well understood. The development of animal models that recapitulate the neuropathological findings of autopsied brain tissue from patients who died from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are critical for elucidating the neuropathogenesis of infection and disease. Here, we show neuroinflammation, microhemorrhages, brain hypoxia, and neuropathology that is consistent with hypoxic-ischemic injury in SARS-CoV-2 infected non-human primates (NHPs), including evidence of neuron degeneration and apoptosis. Importantly, this is seen among infected animals that do not develop severe respiratory disease, which may provide insight into neurological symptoms associated with "long COVID". Sparse virus is detected in brain endothelial cells but does not associate with the severity of central nervous system (CNS) injury. We anticipate our findings will advance our current understanding of the neuropathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and demonstrate SARS-CoV-2 infected NHPs are a highly relevant animal model for investigating COVID-19 neuropathogenesis among human subjects.
68 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a simple strategy to synthesize excellent stability and efficient emission of CsPbBr3 QDs by using 2-hexyldecanoic acid (DA) as a ligand to replace the regular oleic acid ligand was proposed.
Abstract: All-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have received great attention in white light emission because of their outstanding properties. However, their practical application is hindered by poor stability. Herein, we propose a simple strategy to synthesize excellent stability and efficient emission of CsPbBr3 QDs by using 2-hexyldecanoic acid (DA) as a ligand to replace the regular oleic acid (OA) ligand. Thanks to the strong binding energy between DA ligand and QDs, the modified QDs not only show a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 96% but also exhibit high stability against ethanol and water. Thereby warm white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) are constructed by combining ligand modified CsPbBr3 QDs with red AgInZnS QDs on blue emitting InGaN chips, exhibiting a color rendering index of 93, a power efficiency of 64.8 lm/W, a CIE coordinate of (0.44, 0.42) and correlated color temperature value of 3018 K. In addition, WLEDs based on ligand modified CsPbBr3 QDs also exhibit better thermal performance than that of WLEDs based on the regular CsPbBr3 QDs. The combination of improved efficiency and better thermal stability with high color quality indicates that the modified CsPbBr3 QDs are ideal for WLEDs application.
64 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a universal spectral super-resolution network based on physical optimization unfolding for arbitrary multispectral images, including single-resolution and cross-scale multi-spectral images was proposed.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a universal spectral super-resolution network based on physical optimization unfolding for arbitrary multispectral images, including single-resolution and cross-scale multi-spectral images was proposed.
22 citations
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as discussed by the authors isolated a major quantitative trait locus, Panicle Neck Diameter 1 (PND1), and identified the causal gene as GRAIN NUMBER 1A/CYTOKINININ OXIDASE 2 (Gn1A/OsCKX2).
Abstract: Significant achievements have been made in breeding programs for the heavy-panicle-type (HPT) rice (Oryza sativa) in Southwest China. The HPT varieties now exhibit excellent lodging resistance, allowing them to overcome the greater pressures caused by heavy panicles. However, the genetic mechanism of this lodging resistance remains elusive. Here, we isolated a major quantitative trait locus, Panicle Neck Diameter 1 (PND1), and identified the causal gene as GRAIN NUMBER 1A/CYTOKININ OXIDASE 2 (Gn1A/OsCKX2). The null gn1a allele from rice line R498 (gn1aR498 ) improved lodging resistance through increasing the culm diameter and promoting crown root development. Loss-of-function of Gn1a/OsCKX2 led to cytokinin accumulation in the crown root tip and accelerated the development of adventitious roots. Gene pyramiding between the null gn1aR498 allele with two gain-of-function alleles, STRONG CULM 2 (SCM2) and SCM3, further improved lodging resistance. Moreover, Gn1a/OsCKX2 had minimal influence on overall rice quality. Our research thus highlights the distinct genetic components of lodging resistance of HPT varieties and provides a strategy for tailor-made crop improvement of both yield and lodging resistance in rice.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a quinoxaline derivative, NMPOQA, was synthesized and characterized by ESI-MS, IR, 1H & 13C NMR.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , an ACE2-human IgG1 fusion protein with mutations in the catalytic domain of ACE2 was constructed to overcome the short half-life and no active transport mechanism from the circulation into the alveolar spaces of the lung.
14 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a residual network (ResNet)-based deep transfer diagnosis model for bearing faults by combining wavelet packet transform (WPT) and multi-kernel maximum mean discrepancy (MK-MMD).
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , an optimized CRISPR mediated tuberculosis (CRISPR-TB) assay was used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-free DNA (Mtb-cfDNA) in blood and evaluate tuberculosis treatment responses.
Abstract: Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of global mortality, especially for adults and children living with HIV (CLHIV) underdiagnosed by sputum-based assays. Non-sputum-based assays are needed to improve tuberculosis diagnosis and tuberculosis treatment monitoring. Our aim in this study was to determine whether ultrasensitive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-free DNA (Mtb-cfDNA) in blood can diagnose tuberculosis and evaluate tuberculosis treatment responses.In this molecular diagnostics study we analysed archived serum from two patient populations evaluated for tuberculosis in Eswatini and Kenya to detect Mtb-cfDNA, analysing serum from all individuals who had both sufficient serum volumes and clear diagnostic results. An optimised CRISPR-mediated tuberculosis (CRISPR-TB) assay was used to detect Mtb-cfDNA in serum at enrolment from adults and children with presumptive tuberculosis and their asymptomatic household contacts, and at enrolment and during tuberculosis treatment from a cohort of symptomatic CLHIV at high risk for tuberculosis, who provided longitudinal serum at enrolment and during tuberculosis treatment.CRISPR-TB identified microbiologically and clinically confirmed tuberculosis cases in the predominantly HIV-negative Eswatini adult cohort with 96% sensitivity (27 [96%] of 28, 95% CI 80-100) and 94% specificity (16 [94%] of 17, 71-100), and with 83% sensitivity (5 [83%] of 6, 36-100) and 95% specificity (21 [95%] of 22, 77-100) in the paediatric cohort, including all six cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In the Kenyan CLHIV cohort, CRISPR-TB detected all (13 [100%] of 13, 75-100) confirmed tuberculosis cases and 85% (39 [85%] of 46, 71-94) of unconfirmed tuberculosis cases diagnosed by non-microbiological clinical findings. CLHIV who were CRISPR-TB positive at enrolment had a 2·4-times higher risk of mortality by 6 months after enrolment. Mtb-cfDNA signal decreased after tuberculosis treatment initiation, with near or complete Mtb-cfDNA clearance by 6 months after tuberculosis treatment initiation.CRISPR-mediated detection of circulating Mtb-cfDNA shows promise to increase the identification of paediatric tuberculosis and HIV-associated tuberculosis, and potential for early diagnosis and rapid monitoring of tuberculosis treatment responses.US Department of Defense, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington Center for AIDS Research, and the Weatherhead Presidential Endowment fund.
12 citations
TL;DR: A review of the contribution of epoxylipids in heart diseases and the potential for their manipulation to treat heart attacks, arrhythmias, ventricular tachycardia, and heart failure is presented in this article .
TL;DR: In this article , the self-doping of Ti3+ and the contact of the heterogeneous interface synergistically promote the photocatalytic activity of TiO2@BiOBr.
TL;DR: The r2SCAN density functional approximation as mentioned in this paper is a first-principle prediction of lattice dynamics that is transferable, efficient, and reliable for a wide variety of materials.
Abstract: First-principles predictions of lattice dynamics are of vital importance for a broad range of topics in materials science and condensed matter physics. The large-scale nature of lattice dynamics calculations and the desire to design novel materials with distinct properties demands that first-principles predictions are accurate, transferable, efficient, and reliable for a wide variety of materials. In this work, we demonstrate that the recently constructed r2SCAN density functional approximation meets this need for general systems by demonstrating phonon dispersions for typical systems with distinct chemical characteristics. The approximation’s performance opens a door for phonon-mediated materials discovery from first-principles calculations.
TL;DR: It is of growing concern that supervisors sometimes engage in destructive leadership behavior to undermine their subordinates, which exacts a psychological toll on these employees as discussed by the authors. But, how can employee...
Abstract: It is of growing concern that supervisors sometimes engage in destructive leadership behavior to undermine their subordinates, which exacts a psychological toll on these employees. How can employee...
TL;DR: The authors found that African American women are more likely to experience preterm birth (<37 completed weeks gestation) compared with white women compared with White women and live in neighborhoods with higher African American population.
Abstract: African American women are more likely to experience preterm birth (<37 completed weeks gestation) compared with White women. African American women are also more likely to live in neighborhoods ch...
TL;DR: In this paper, three 2,5-disubstituted-tetrazole N-glucosides (5,7) were synthesized via N-alkylation reactions carried out under phase transfer catalysis (PTC) conditions.
TL;DR: In this article, click chemistry-conjugated protein-drug micelles (FPAaF) were designed by the conjugation of insoluble ferrostatin-1 and dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) modules to amphiphilic polymers, followed by click chemistry assembly with pH-responsive azido linker-modified acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF).
TL;DR: A review on the anticancer properties of commercially available and newly explored microbial polysaccharides (MPs) and their direct and indirect mode of action is presented in this paper .
16 Mar 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the authors measured the oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates of freshly isolated brain microvessels (BMVs) from young (2-4 months) and aged (20-22 months) C57Bl/6 male mice.
Abstract: Mitochondrial and glycolytic energy pathways regulate the vascular functions. Aging impairs the cerebrovascular function and increases the risk of stroke and cognitive dysfunction. The goal of our study is to characterize the impact of aging on brain microvascular energetics. We measured the oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates of freshly isolated brain microvessels (BMVs) from young (2–4 months) and aged (20–22 months) C57Bl/6 male mice. Cellular ATP production in BMVs was predominantly dependent on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) with glucose as the preferred energy substrate. Aged BMVs exhibit lower ATP production rate with diminished OXPHOS and glycolytic rate accompanied by increased utilization of glutamine. Impairments of glycolysis displayed by aged BMVs included reduced compensatory glycolysis whereas impairments of mitochondrial respiration involved reduction of spare respiratory capacity and proton leak. Aged BMVs showed reduced levels of key glycolysis proteins including glucose transporter 1 and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 but normal lactate dehydrogenase activity. Mitochondrial protein levels were mostly unchanged whereas citrate synthase activity was reduced, and glutamate dehydrogenase was increased in aged BMVs. Thus, for the first time, we identified the dominant role of mitochondria in bioenergetics of BMVs and the alterations of the energy pathways that make the aged BMVs vulnerable to injury.
TL;DR: In this article , click chemistry-conjugated protein-drug micelles (FPAaF) were designed by the conjugation of insoluble ferrostatin-1 and dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) modules to amphiphilic polymers, followed by click chemistry assembly with pH-responsive azido linker-modified acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF).
TL;DR: In this paper , a birefringence-managed soliton energy law was proposed for normal-dispersion erbium-doped fiber laser solitons.
Abstract: Chirp-free solitons have been mainly achieved with anomalous-dispersion fiber lasers by the balance of dispersive and nonlinear effects, and the single-pulse energy is constrained within a relatively small range. Here, we report a class of chirp-free pulse in normal-dispersion erbium-doped fiber lasers, termed birefringence-managed soliton, in which the birefringence-related phase-matching effect dominates the soliton evolution. Controllable harmonic mode locking from 5 order to 85 order is obtained at the same pump level of ~10 mW with soliton energy fully tunable beyond ten times, which indicates a new birefringence-related soliton energy law, which fundamentally differs from the conventional soliton energy theorem. The unique transformation behavior between birefringence-managed solitons and dissipative solitons is directly visualized via the single-shot spectroscopy. The results demonstrate a novel approach of engineering fiber birefringence to create energy-tunable chirp-free solitons in normal-dispersion regime and open new research directions in fields of optical solitons, ultrafast lasers, and their applications.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure sleep quality, the Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the Work Stress Scale to measure job stress.
TL;DR: In this article , a facile strategy to synthesize 3D N-doped graphene/bismuth (NGR/Bi) composites with efficient catalytic properties for 4-nitrophenol reduction was reported.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors compared monthly routine vaccination use per 1000 vaccine-eligible children and adolescents enrolled in Louisiana Medicaid in the years before (2017-2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020).
TL;DR: In this paper , the electrochemical catalytic activity of 2D titanium carbonitride MXene for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was investigated, showing that it exhibited much higher electrocatalytic activity than its carbide analogues, achieving an onset overpotential of 53mV and Tafel slope of 86mV dec−1.
TL;DR: In this article , the crystal, electronic, and magnetic structures of La 2− x Sr x CuO 4 (LSCO) were discussed and the meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) class of functionals was found to perform well in capturing the key properties of LSCO, a prototypical high-temperature superconductor.
Abstract: Abstract We discuss the crystal, electronic, and magnetic structures of La 2− x Sr x CuO 4 (LSCO) for x = 0.0 and x = 0.25 employing 13 density functional approximations, representing the local, semi-local, and hybrid exchange-correlation approximations within the Perdew–Schmidt hierarchy. The meta-generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) class of functionals is found to perform well in capturing the key properties of LSCO, a prototypical high-temperature cuprate superconductor. In contrast, the localspin-density approximation, GGA, and the hybrid density functional fail to capture the metal-insulator transition under doping.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure sleep quality, the Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the Work Stress Scale to measure job stress.
TL;DR: In vitro antibacterial activity of three 1,5-benzodiazepine heterocyclic compounds was investigated against Escherichia coli ATCC 4157, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 bacterial strains.
TL;DR: In this paper , a bag-of-glass ball milling method was used to construct porous sandwich structured metal oxide/C composites with the introduction of Si, which can effectively increase the disordered structure of composite and also open up a new scheme of Si materials as an anode in the field of fast charging for lithium-ion batteries.
TL;DR: In this paper, a combination of experimental, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and cross-cultural evidence supports the claim that victims’ perceptions of harmdoers’ relationship value and exploitation causally influence whether or not they forgive them.
Abstract: We review the logic of an evolutionary perspective on forgiveness, highlighting how insight into the likely function of forgiveness--solving adaptive problems related to acquiring and maintaining social relationships--has productively guided research and theory. A combination of experimental, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and cross-cultural evidence supports the claim that victims’ perceptions of harmdoers’ relationship value and exploitation causally influence whether or not victims forgive harmdoers. We also review the nascent literature on the topic of intergroup forgiveness, and consider how the concepts associated with interpersonal forgiveness, such as apologies, relationship value, and exploitation risk might help us understand forgiveness between groups, cultures, and societies. Finally, we explore the intersection of evolutionary and cultural perspectives on forgiveness, and consider how concepts from these two research traditions might be integrated to help us understand forgiveness even better.