Institution
University of Fribourg
Education•Fribourg, Freiburg, Switzerland•
About: University of Fribourg is a education organization based out in Fribourg, Freiburg, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 6040 authors who have published 14975 publications receiving 542500 citations. The organization is also known as: UNIFR & Universität Freiburg.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The activity of single striatal neurons in macaques that were presented with different combinations of two rewards found in nearly half of the investigated neurons that the processing for one reward shifted, relative to the other rewards that were available in a given trial block.
Abstract: Rewards are often not only valued according to their physical characteristics but also relative to other available rewards. The striatum (caudate nucleus, putamen, ventral striatum including nucleus accumbens) is involved in the organization of movement and the processing of reward information. We studied the activity of single striatal neurons in macaques that were presented with different combinations of two rewards. We found in nearly half of the investigated neurons that the processing for one reward shifted, relative to the other rewards that were available in a given trial block. The relative reward processing concerned all forms of striatal activity related to reward-predicting visual stimuli, arm movements and reception of rewards. The observed changes may provide a neural basis for the known shifts in valuation of rewarding outcomes relative to known references.
130 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an inclusive search for a new-physics signature of lepton-jet resonances has been performed by the ATLAS experiment, where first and second generation leptoquarks were sought in events with two electrons (muons) and two or more jets.
Abstract: An inclusive search for a new-physics signature of lepton-jet resonances has been performed by the ATLAS experiment. Scalar leptoquarks, pair-produced in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV at the large hadron collider, have been considered. An integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−1, corresponding to the full 2015 dataset was used. First (second) generation leptoquarks were sought in events with two electrons (muons) and two or more jets. The observed event yield in each channel is consistent with Standard Model background expectations. The observed (expected) lower limits on the leptoquark mass at 95% confidence level are 1100 and 1050 GeV (1160 and 1040 GeV) for first and second generation leptoquarks, respectively, assuming a branching ratio into a charged lepton and a quark of 100%. Upper limits on the aforementioned branching ratio are also given as a function of leptoquark mass. Compared with the results of earlier ATLAS searches, the sensitivity is increased for leptoquark masses above 860 GeV, and the observed exclusion limits confirm and extend the published results.
130 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the potential of combined remote sensing observations from satellite and airborne microwave and optical sensors for an efficient survey of mountainous ground displacements and concluded that the employed remote sensing techniques complement each other well within a landslide hazard assessment procedure.
Abstract: [1] Recent global warming, through the related retreat of mountain glaciers, causes a growing number of different slope instabilities requiring accurate and cost-effective monitoring. We investigate the potential of combined remote sensing observations from satellite and airborne microwave and optical sensors for an efficient survey of mountainous ground displacements. The evolution of a paraglacial deep-seated rock mass movement due to glacier retreat in the Swiss Alps has been observed between 1976 and 2008 with satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry, differential GPS, and airborne digital photogrammetry. Analysis of differential SAR interferograms revealed an acceleration of the landslide from ∼4 cm/yr in the slope-parallel direction during the mid-1990s to more than 30 cm/yr in the summer of 2008. Differential GPS surveys performed between the summers of 2007 and 2008 indicate seasonal variations of the landslide activity. The photogrammetric analysis revealed no significant movement (i.e., <1 cm/yr) between 1976 and 1995 and provides an overview of the total displacement between 1995 and 2006 with high spatial resolution. In situ and airborne photography interpretation suggests that the landslide was activated at earliest by the end of the Last Glaciation but without any significant long-lasting activity during the Holocene and that the exponentially increasing reactivation since the 1990s is the result of ongoing debutressing of the valley flank due to the glacier retreat in combination with strong precipitation and snowmelt events. We conclude that the employed remote sensing techniques complement each other well within a landslide hazard assessment procedure.
130 citations
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TL;DR: It is indicated that an understanding of the aggregation state of NPs in biological fluids is crucial in regards to their biological interaction(s) and how nanoparticle-protein interactions are related to the particular physicochemical characteristics of the particles, such as their colloidal stability.
Abstract: It is known that the nanoparticle-cell interaction strongly depends on the physicochemical properties of the investigated particles. In addition, medium density and viscosity influence the colloidal behaviour of nanoparticles. Here, we show how nanoparticle-protein interactions are related to the particular physicochemical characteristics of the particles, such as their colloidal stability, and how this significantly influences the subsequent nanoparticle-cell interaction in vitro. Therefore, different surface charged superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized. Similar adsorbed protein profiles were identified following incubation in supplemented cell culture media, although cellular uptake varied significantly between the different particles. However, positively charged nanoparticles displayed a significantly lower colloidal stability than neutral and negatively charged particles while showing higher non-sedimentation driven cell-internalization in vitro without any significant cytotoxic effects. The results of this study strongly indicate therefore that an understanding of the aggregation state of NPs in biological fluids is crucial in regards to their biological interaction(s).
130 citations
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TL;DR: Key issues that are considered to be crucial for a safe, efficient, and successful classical biological control project are discussed and various ecological and evolutionary hypotheses are proposed to document that biological control programmes against plant invaders also offer a great opportunity to gain new insights into basic processes in ecology and evolution.
Abstract: Practitioners of classical biological control of invasive weeds are confronted with a dual expectation: to achieve successful control of plant invaders and to avoid damage to nontarget plants and adverse indirect effects. In this paper we discuss key issues that we consider to be crucial for a safe, efficient, and successful classical biological control project, and that have also caused some recent controversy. These include selection of effective control agents, host specificity of the biological control agents, implications of the genetic population structure of the target populations, and potential impact on native food webs. With regard to improving the success rate of biological control of plant invaders, we first emphasize the importance of a clear a priori definition of success and a more ecosystem-based approach to better document both negative effects of the invasive plant as well as potential positive and negative effects of introducing biological control agents. Secondly, pre-release impact assessment could be improved by better focusing on how to reach high densities of the control agents and by including tolerance to and compensation of herbivory. Thirdly, we advocate a reinforced effort to integrate and combine biological control in combination with existing or potential management options. Finally, we propose various ecological and evolutionary hypotheses in the framework of our topic to document that biological control programmes against plant invaders also offer a great opportunity to gain new insights into basic processes in ecology and evolution.
130 citations
Authors
Showing all 6204 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Jens Nielsen | 149 | 1752 | 104005 |
Sw. Banerjee | 146 | 1906 | 124364 |
Hans Peter Beck | 143 | 1134 | 91858 |
Patrice Nordmann | 127 | 790 | 67031 |
Abraham Z. Snyder | 125 | 329 | 91997 |
Csaba Szabó | 123 | 958 | 61791 |
Robert Edwards | 121 | 775 | 74552 |
Laurent Poirel | 117 | 621 | 53680 |
Thomas Münzel | 116 | 1055 | 57716 |
David G. Amaral | 112 | 302 | 49094 |
F. Blanc | 107 | 1514 | 58418 |
Markus Stoffel | 102 | 620 | 50796 |
Vincenzo Balzani | 101 | 476 | 45722 |
Enrico Bertini | 99 | 865 | 38167 |
Sandeep Kumar | 94 | 1563 | 38652 |