Institution
University of Fribourg
Education•Fribourg, Freiburg, Switzerland•
About: University of Fribourg is a education organization based out in Fribourg, Freiburg, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 6040 authors who have published 14975 publications receiving 542500 citations. The organization is also known as: UNIFR & Universität Freiburg.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, measurements of W(+/-)Z production in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV were presented, where the gauge bosons were reconstructed using their leptonic decay modes into electrons and m...
Abstract: This paper presents measurements of W(+/-)Z production in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The gauge bosons are reconstructed using their leptonic decay modes into electrons and m ...
126 citations
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TL;DR: Different patterns of activation suggest that the brains of smokers react in a different way to reward than those of nonsmokers, even if a short-term effect of smoking prior to the experiment cannot be excluded.
Abstract: Tobacco smoking is the most frequent form of substance abuse. Several studies have shown that the addictive action of nicotine is mediated by the mesolimbic dopamine system. This system is implicated in reward processing. In order to better understand the relationship between nicotine addiction and reward in humans, we investigated differences between smokers and nonsmokers in the activation of brain regions involved in processing reward information. Using [H2(15O)] positron emission tomography (PET), we measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in healthy smokers and nonsmokers while they performed a prelearned, pattern-recognition task. We compared two conditions involving nonmonetary reinforcement or monetary reward with a baseline condition in which nonsense feedback was presented. With monetary reward, we found activation in the frontal and orbitofrontal cortex, occipital cortex, cingulate gyrus, cerebellum, and midbrain in both groups. Additionally, monetary reward activated typical dopaminergic regions such as the striatum in nonsmokers but not in smokers. We found a similar pattern of activation associated with nonmonetary reinforcement in nonsmokers, whereas activation was found in smokers only in the cerebellum. The different patterns of activation suggest that the brains of smokers react in a different way to reward than those of nonsmokers. This difference involves in particular the regions of the dopaminergic system including the striatum. In principle these observations could be interpreted either as a consequence of tobacco use or as a primitive condition of the brain that led people to smoke. Supported by related nonimaging studies, we interpret these differences as a consequence of tobacco smoking, even if a short-term effect of smoking prior to the experiment cannot be excluded.
126 citations
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TL;DR: Of 88 DA neurons, 65% and 52% showed phasic responses to the trigger light and reward, respectively, suggesting that DA neurons respond to the salient attentional and motivating stimuli guiding task performance.
126 citations
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TL;DR: NationTelescope, a platform that monitors, compares and visualizes large-scale nation-wide user behavior in LBSNs, is proposed and the results show that the platform can not only efficiently capture, compare and visualizenation-wide collective behavior, but also achieve good usability and user experience.
125 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported observations made recently in the western Swiss Alps in several accumulations of coarse sediments (talus slopes, relict or inactive rock glaciers) located at higher elevations (2200-2800 m a.s.l.) within the belt of discontinuous permafrost or close to its lower limit.
Abstract: The winter ascending circulation of air throughout an accumulation of coarse slope sediments (the so-called chimney effect) facilitates the cooling of the ground and even the occurrence of permafrost in the lower part of a deposit. Simultaneously, any freezing is unlikely to occur in the upper part. To date, the chimney effect has been reported mainly for cold and sometimes perennially frozen scree slopes situated at low elevations, far below the regional limit of the discontinuous mountain permafrost. This article reports observations made recently in the western Swiss Alps in several accumulations of coarse sediments (talus slopes, relict or inactive rock glaciers) located at higher elevations (2200–2800 m a.s.l.) within the belt of discontinuous permafrost or close to its lower limit. These observations show that a chimney effect may also occur in debris accumulations situated at ‘usual’ mountain permafrost elevation. This gives rise to multiple questions, in particular about the impact of the chimney ...
125 citations
Authors
Showing all 6204 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Jens Nielsen | 149 | 1752 | 104005 |
Sw. Banerjee | 146 | 1906 | 124364 |
Hans Peter Beck | 143 | 1134 | 91858 |
Patrice Nordmann | 127 | 790 | 67031 |
Abraham Z. Snyder | 125 | 329 | 91997 |
Csaba Szabó | 123 | 958 | 61791 |
Robert Edwards | 121 | 775 | 74552 |
Laurent Poirel | 117 | 621 | 53680 |
Thomas Münzel | 116 | 1055 | 57716 |
David G. Amaral | 112 | 302 | 49094 |
F. Blanc | 107 | 1514 | 58418 |
Markus Stoffel | 102 | 620 | 50796 |
Vincenzo Balzani | 101 | 476 | 45722 |
Enrico Bertini | 99 | 865 | 38167 |
Sandeep Kumar | 94 | 1563 | 38652 |