Institution
University of Rouen
Education•Rouen, France•
About: University of Rouen is a education organization based out in Rouen, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Receptor. The organization has 7299 authors who have published 13209 publications receiving 313477 citations.
Topics: Population, Receptor, Laser, Atom probe, Membrane
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The results indicate that TLR4 is not involved in the initiation of Aβ deposition and that, as Aβ deposits start, microglia are activated viaTLR4 signaling to reduce A β deposits and preserve cognitive functions from Aβ-mediated neurotoxicity.
Abstract: Amyloid plaques, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), are accompanied by activated microglia. The role of activated microglia in the pathogenesis of AD remains controversial: either clearing Aβ deposits by phagocytosis or releasing proinflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic substances. Microglia can be activated via toll-like receptors (TLRs), a class of pattern-recognition receptors in the innate immune system. We previously demonstrated that an AD mouse model homozygous for a loss-of-function mutation of TLR4 had increases in Aβ deposits and buffer-soluble Aβ in the brain as compared with a TLR4 wild-type AD mouse model at 14-16 months of age. However, it is unknown if TLR4 signaling is involved in initiation of Aβ deposition as well as activation and recruitment of microglia at the early stage of AD. Here, we investigated the role of TLR4 signaling and microglial activation in early stages using 5-month-old AD mouse models when Aβ deposits start. Microglial activation and amyloid deposition in the brain were determined by immunohistochemistry in the AD models. Levels of cerebral soluble Aβ were determined by ELISA. mRNA levels of cytokines and chemokines in the brain and Aβ-stimulated monocytes were quantified by real-time PCR. Cognitive functions were assessed by the Morris water maze. While no difference was found in cerebral Aβ load between AD mouse models at 5 months with and without TLR4 mutation, microglial activation in a TLR4 mutant AD model (TLR4M Tg) was less than that in a TLR4 wild-type AD model (TLR4W Tg). At 9 months, TLR4M Tg mice had increased Aβ deposition and soluble Aβ42 in the brain, which were associated with decrements in cognitive functions and expression levels of IL-1β, CCL3, and CCL4 in the hippocampus compared to TLR4W Tg mice. TLR4 mutation diminished Aβ-induced IL-1β, CCL3, and CCL4 expression in monocytes. This is the first demonstration of TLR4-dependent activation of microglia at the early stage of β-amyloidosis. Our results indicate that TLR4 is not involved in the initiation of Aβ deposition and that, as Aβ deposits start, microglia are activated via TLR4 signaling to reduce Aβ deposits and preserve cognitive functions from Aβ-mediated neurotoxicity.
224 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that tensile modulus, breaking strength and breaking strain depend on the chemical treatment used, and that the Park model based on the three sorption modes: Langmuir, Henry's law and clustering was successfully used to simulate the experimental sorption data.
224 citations
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TL;DR: The radiative transfer equation in nonemitting media is solved using a four-flux model in the case of Lorenz-Mie scatter centers embedded in a slab because of the nonphenomenological coefficients appearing in the theory.
Abstract: The radiative transfer equation in nonemitting media is solved using a four-flux model in the case of Lorenz-Mie scatter centers embedded in a slab. The various coefficients of absorption and scattering appearing in the theory are nonphenomenological but expressed in terms of quantities available from the Lorenz-Mie framework. Formulas for the various transmittances and reflectances are established. Special cases are then discussed, and (potential or actual) applications reported.
224 citations
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16 Jun 2013TL;DR: In this paper, it has been shown that the higher-level samples fill more uniformly the space they occupy and the high-density manifolds tend to unfold when represented at higher levels.
Abstract: It has been hypothesized, and supported with experimental evidence, that deeper representations, when well trained, tend to do a better job at disentangling the underlying factors of variation. We study the following related conjecture: better representations, in the sense of better disentangling, can be exploited to produce Markov chains that mix faster between modes. Consequently, mixing between modes would be more efficient at higher levels of representation. To better understand this, we propose a secondary conjecture: the higher-level samples fill more uniformly the space they occupy and the high-density manifolds tend to unfold when represented at higher levels. The paper discusses these hypotheses and tests them experimentally through visualization and measurements of mixing between modes and interpolating between samples.
224 citations
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TL;DR: Cardiac lymphatic structure and function in rats with MI are investigated and it is shown that, despite the endogenous cardiac lymphangiogenic response post-MI, the remodeling and dysfunction of collecting ducts contribute to the development of chronic myocardial edema and inflammation-aggravating cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction.
Abstract: Background—The lymphatic system regulates interstitial tissue fluid balance, and lymphatic malfunction causes edema. The heart has an extensive lymphatic network displaying a dynamic range of lymph flow in physiology. Myocardial edema occurs in many cardiovascular diseases, eg, myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic heart failure, suggesting that cardiac lymphatic transport may be insufficient in pathology. Here, we investigate in rats the impact of MI and subsequent chronic heart failure on the cardiac lymphatic network. Further, we evaluate for the first time the functional effects of selective therapeutic stimulation of cardiac lymphangiogenesis post-MI. Methods and Results—We investigated cardiac lymphatic structure and function in rats with MI induced by either temporary occlusion (n=160) or permanent ligation (n=100) of the left coronary artery. Although MI induced robust, intramyocardial capillary lymphangiogenesis, adverse remodeling of epicardial precollector and collector lymphatics occurred, le...
224 citations
Authors
Showing all 7360 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Yves Agid | 141 | 669 | 74441 |
Alexis Brice | 135 | 870 | 83466 |
Mohamed Eddaoudi | 94 | 327 | 64217 |
Hervé Tilly | 86 | 479 | 30321 |
David Cohen | 83 | 635 | 37722 |
Jörg Neugebauer | 81 | 491 | 30909 |
Hubert Vaudry | 80 | 975 | 34350 |
Michel Baudry | 80 | 372 | 23890 |
Richard L. Stevens | 79 | 264 | 19148 |
Claudine Berr | 75 | 297 | 27919 |
Christian P. Robert | 75 | 535 | 36864 |
Thierry Frebourg | 71 | 307 | 22403 |
Georges Pelletier | 69 | 432 | 19018 |
Michel Vert | 69 | 333 | 17899 |
Jean-Charles Schwartz | 69 | 252 | 15917 |