Institution
University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Education•Memphis, Tennessee, United States•
About: University of Tennessee Health Science Center is a education organization based out in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 15716 authors who have published 26884 publications receiving 1176697 citations.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Transplantation, Cancer, Gene
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Miriam Hospital1, Wake Forest University2, University of Pittsburgh3, Johns Hopkins University4, University of Tennessee Health Science Center5, Baylor College of Medicine6, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention7, Harvard University8, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio9, Anschutz Medical Campus10, National Institutes of Health11, University of Minnesota12, University of Washington13, American Indian Center14, University of Tennessee15, University of Alabama16, University of Pennsylvania17, Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai Roosevelt18, University of Southern California19, Pennington Biomedical Research Center20
TL;DR: Intensive lifestyle intervention can produce sustained weight loss and improvements in fitness, glycemic control, and CVD risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Lifestyle interventions produce short-term improvements in glycemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but no long-term data are available. We examined the effects of lifestyle intervention on changes in weight, fitness, and CVD risk factors during a 4-year study. METHODS The Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trial is a multicenter randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) and diabetes support and education (DSE; the control group) on the incidence of major CVD events in 5145 overweight or obese individuals (59.5% female; mean age, 58.7 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus. More than 93% of participants provided outcomes data at each annual assessment. RESULTS Averaged across 4 years, ILI participants had a greater percentage of weight loss than DSE participants (-6.15% vs -0.88%; P < .001) and greater improvements in treadmill fitness (12.74% vs 1.96%; P < .001), hemoglobin A(1c) level (-0.36% vs -0.09%; P < .001), systolic (-5.33 vs -2.97 mm Hg; P < .001) and diastolic (-2.92 vs -2.48 mm Hg; P = .01) blood pressure, and levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (3.67 vs 1.97 mg/dL; P < .001) and triglycerides (-25.56 vs -19.75 mg/dL; P < .001). Reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were greater in DSE than ILI participants (-11.27 vs -12.84 mg/dL; P = .009) owing to greater use of medications to lower lipid levels in the DSE group. At 4 years, ILI participants maintained greater improvements than DSE participants in weight, fitness, hemoglobin A(1c) levels, systolic blood pressure, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. CONCLUSIONS Intensive lifestyle intervention can produce sustained weight loss and improvements in fitness, glycemic control, and CVD risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Whether these differences in risk factors translate to reduction in CVD events will ultimately be addressed by the Look AHEAD trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00017953.
1,125 citations
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National Institutes of Health1, Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis2, George Washington University3, University of Cincinnati4, Emory University5, Case Western Reserve University6, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center7, University of Miami8, Wayne State University9, University of Tennessee Health Science Center10, Stanford University11, University of New Mexico12, Yale University13
TL;DR: ELBW infants are at significant risk of neurologic abnormalities, developmental delays, and functional delays at 18 to 22 months' corrected age, and factors significantly associated with decreased morbidity included increased birth weight, female gender, higher maternal education, and white race.
Abstract: Objectives. The purposes of this study were to report the neurodevelopmental, neurosensory, and functional outcomes of 1151 extremely low birth weight (401–1000 g) survivors cared for in the 12 participating centers of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, and to identify medical, social, and environmental factors associated with these outcomes. Study Design. A multicenter cohort study in which surviving extremely low birth weight infants born in 1993 and 1994 underwent neurodevelopmental, neurosensory, and functional assessment at 18 to 22 months9 corrected age. Data regarding pregnancy and neonatal outcome were collected prospectively. Socioeconomic status and a detailed interim medical history were obtained at the time of the assessment. Logistic regression models were used to identify maternal and neonatal risk factors for poor neurodevelopmental outcome. Results. Of the 1480 infants alive at 18 months of age, 1151 (78%) were evaluated. Study characteristics included a mean birth weight of 796 ± 135 g, mean gestation (best obstetric dates) 26 ± 2 weeks, and 47% male. Birth weight distributions of infants included 15 infants at 401 to 500 g; 94 at 501 to 600 g; 208 at 601 to 700 g; 237 at 701 to 800 g; 290 at 801 to 900 g; and 307 at 901 to 1000 g. Twenty-five percent of the children had an abnormal neurologic examination, 37% had a Bayley II Mental Developmental Index Conclusion. ELBW infants are at significant risk of neurologic abnormalities, developmental delays, and functional delays at 18 to 22 months9 corrected age.
1,117 citations
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TL;DR: Reduced sodium intake and weight loss constitute a feasible, effective, and safe nonpharmacologic therapy of hypertension in older persons.
Abstract: Context.—Nonpharmacologic interventions are frequently recommended for treatment
of hypertension in the elderly, but there is a paucity of evidence from randomized
controlled trials in support of this recommendation.Objective.—To determine whether weight loss or reduced sodium intake is effective
in the treatment of older persons with hypertension.Design.—Randomized controlled trial.Participants.—A total of 875 men and women aged 60 to 80 years with systolic blood
pressure lower than 145 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure lower than 85 mm
Hg while receiving treatment with a single antihypertensive medication.Setting.—Four academic health centers.Intervention.—The 585 obese participants were randomized to reduced sodium intake,
weight loss, both, or usual care, and the 390 nonobese participants were randomized
to reduced sodium intake or usual care. Withdrawal of antihypertensive medication
was attempted after 3 months of intervention.Main Outcome Measure.—Diagnosis of high blood pressure at 1 or more follow-up visits, or treatment
with antihypertensive medication, or a cardiovascular event during follow-up
(range, 15-36 months; median, 29 months).Results.—The combined outcome measure was less frequent among those assigned
vs not assigned to reduced sodium intake (relative hazard ratio, 0.69; 95%
confidence interval [CI], 0.59-0.81; P<.001) and,
in obese participants, among those assigned vs not assigned to weight loss
(relative hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.57-0.87; P<.001).
Relative to usual care, hazard ratios among the obese participants were 0.60
(95% CI, 0.45-0.80; P<.001) for reduced sodium
intake alone, 0.64 (95% CI, 0.49-0.85; P=.002) for
weight loss alone, and 0.47 (95% CI, 0.35-0.64; P<.001)
for reduced sodium intake and weight loss combined. The frequency of cardiovascular
events during follow-up was similar in each of the 6 treatment groups.Conclusion.—Reduced sodium intake and weight loss constitute a feasible, effective,
and safe nonpharmacologic therapy of hypertension in older persons.
1,115 citations
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TL;DR: Reconstitution experiments demonstrate that Jak2 is not required for the generation of lymphoid progenitors, their amplification, or functional differentiation, and plays a critical, nonredundant role in the function of a specific group of cytokines receptors.
1,110 citations
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TL;DR: A significant association between the prevalence of physical symptoms and psychological outcomes among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak is demonstrated and it is postulated that this association may be bi-directional, and that timely psychological interventions for healthcare workers with physical symptoms should be considered once an infection has been excluded.
Abstract: Objective Since the declaration of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as pandemic, there are reports on the increased prevalence of physical symptoms observed in the general population. We investigated the association between psychological outcomes and physical symptoms among healthcare workers. Methods Healthcare workers from 5 major hospitals, involved in the care for COVID-19 patients, in Singapore and India were invited to participate in a study by performing a self-administered questionnaire within the period of February 19 to April 17, 2020. Healthcare workers included doctors, nurses, allied healthcare workers, administrators, clerical staff and maintenance workers. This questionnaire collected information on demographics, medical history, symptom prevalence in the past month, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) and the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) instrument. The prevalence of physical symptoms displayed by healthcare workers and the associations between physical symptoms and psychological outcomes of depression, anxiety, stress, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were evaluated. Results Out of the 906 healthcare workers who participated in the survey, 48 (5.3%) screened positive for moderate to very-severe depression, 79 (8.7%) for moderate to extremely-severe anxiety, 20 (2.2%) for moderate to extremely-severe stress, and 34 (3.8%) for moderate to severe levels of psychological distress. The commonest reported symptom was headache (32.3%), with a large number of participants (33.4%) reporting more than four symptoms. Participants who had experienced symptoms in the preceding month were more likely to be older, have pre-existing comorbidities and a positive screen for depression, anxiety, stress, and PTSD. After adjusting for age, gender and comorbidities, it was found that depression (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.54–5.07, p = 0.001), anxiety (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.36–3.48, p = 0.001), stress (OR 3.06, 95% CI 1.27–7.41, p = 0.13), and PTSD (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.12–4.35, p = 0.023) remained significantly associated with the presence of physical symptoms experienced in the preceding month. Linear regression revealed that the presence of physical symptoms was associated with higher mean scores in the IES-R, DASS Anxiety, Stress and Depression subscales. Conclusions Our study demonstrates a significant association between the prevalence of physical symptoms and psychological outcomes among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak. We postulate that this association may be bi-directional, and that timely psychological interventions for healthcare workers with physical symptoms should be considered once an infection has been excluded.
1,108 citations
Authors
Showing all 15827 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
George P. Chrousos | 169 | 1612 | 120752 |
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
Bruce L. Miller | 163 | 1153 | 115975 |
Ralph A. DeFronzo | 160 | 759 | 132993 |
Frank J. Gonzalez | 160 | 1144 | 96971 |
Robert G. Webster | 158 | 843 | 90776 |
Anne B. Newman | 150 | 902 | 99255 |
Ching-Hon Pui | 145 | 805 | 72146 |
Barton F. Haynes | 144 | 911 | 79014 |
Yoshihiro Kawaoka | 139 | 883 | 75087 |
Seth M. Steinberg | 137 | 936 | 80148 |
Richard J. Johnson | 137 | 880 | 72201 |
Kristine Yaffe | 136 | 794 | 72250 |
Leslie L. Robison | 131 | 854 | 64373 |
Gerardo Heiss | 128 | 623 | 69393 |