Institution
University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Education•Memphis, Tennessee, United States•
About: University of Tennessee Health Science Center is a education organization based out in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 15716 authors who have published 26884 publications receiving 1176697 citations.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Transplantation, Cancer, Gene
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: It is suggested that the skin neuroendocrine system acts by preserving and maintaining the skin structural and functional integrity and, by inference, systemic homeostasis.
Abstract: The classical observations of the skin as a target for melanotropins have been complemented by the discovery of their actual production at the local level. In fact, all of the elements controlling the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis are expressed in the skin including CRH, urocortin, and POMC, with its products ACTH, α-MSH, and β-endorphin. Demonstration of the corresponding receptors in the same cells suggests para- or autocrine mechanisms of action. These findings, together with the demonstration of cutaneous production of numerous other hormones including vitamin D3, PTH-related protein (PTHrP), catecholamines, and acetylcholine that share regulation by environmental stressors such as UV light, underlie a role for these agents in the skin response to stress. The endocrine mediators with their receptors are organized into dermal and epidermal units that allow precise control of their activity in a field-restricted manner. The skin neuroendocrine system communicates with itself and wi...
659 citations
Rutgers University1, National Institutes of Health2, University of Minnesota3, Mayo Clinic4, Washington University in St. Louis5, Yeshiva University6, Rush University Medical Center7, University of Chicago8, SRI International9, University of Pittsburgh10, University of Tennessee Health Science Center11
TL;DR: In older persons with isolated systolic hypertension, stepped-care treatment based on low-dose chlorthalidone exerted a strong protective effect in preventing heart failure, and among patients with prior MI, an 80% risk reduction was observed.
Abstract: Context. —Heart failure is often preceded by isolated systolic hypertension, but the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment in preventing heart failure is not known. Objective. —To assess the effect of diuretic-based antihypertensive stepped-care treatment on the occurrence of heart failure in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Design. —Analysis of data from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Participants. —A total of 4736 persons aged 60 years and older with systolic blood pressure between 160 and 219 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg who participated in the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). Intervention. —Stepped-care antihypertensive drug therapy, in which the step 1 drug is chlorthalidone (12.5-25 mg) or matching placebo, and the step 2 drug is atenolol (25-50 mg) or matching placebo. Main Outcome Measures. —Fatal and nonfatal heart failure. Results. —During an average of 4.5 years of follow-up, fatal or nonfatal heart failure occurred in 55 of 2365 patients randomized to active therapy and 105 of the 2371 patients randomized to placebo (relative risk [RR], 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37-0.71;P Conclusion. —In older persons with isolated systolic hypertension, stepped-care treatment based on low-dose chlorthalidone exerted a strong protective effect in preventing heart failure. Among patients with prior MI, an 80% risk reduction was observed.
659 citations
TL;DR: Owners of firearms should weigh their reasons for keeping a gun in the home against the possibility that it might someday be used in a suicide, and be aware of the potential risks to their health.
Abstract: Background. It has been suggested that limiting access to firearms could prevent many suicides, but this belief is controversial. To assess the strength of the association between the availability of firearms and suicide, we studied all suicides that took place in the homes of victims in Shelby County, Tennessee, and King County, Washington, over a 32-month period. Methods. For each suicide victim (case subject), we obtained data from police or the medical examiner and interviewed a proxy. Their answers were compared with those of control subjects from the same neighborhood, matched with the victim according to sex, race, and age range. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated with matched-pairs methods. Results. During the study period, 803 suicides occurred in the two counties, 565 of which (70 percent) took place in the home of the victim. Fifty-eight percent (326) of these suicides were committed with a firearm. After excluding 11 case subjects for various reasons, we were able to inter...
655 citations
Northwestern University1, University of California, San Francisco2, University of Michigan3, University of California, San Diego4, City of Hope National Medical Center5, Vanderbilt University6, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance7, Fox Chase Cancer Center8, University of Wisconsin-Madison9, Mayo Clinic10, Yale University11, University of South Florida12, Washington University in St. Louis13, University of Alabama at Birmingham14, Stanford University15, Case Western Reserve University16, University of Colorado Boulder17, Harvard University18, Roswell Park Cancer Institute19, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center20, University of Utah21, University of Tennessee Health Science Center22, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center23, Johns Hopkins University24, Duke University25, Ohio State University26
TL;DR: The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Rectal Cancer address diagnosis, staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, disease surveillance, and survivorship in patients with rectal cancer.
Abstract: The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Rectal Cancer address diagnosis, staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, disease surveillance, and survivorship in patients with rectal cancer This portion of the guidelines focuses on the management of localized disease, which involves careful patient selection for curative-intent treatment options that sequence multimodality therapy usually comprised of chemotherapy, radiation, and surgical resection
655 citations
University of Washington1, University of Tennessee Health Science Center2, University of Arizona3, Rutgers University4, University of Iowa5, Rush University Medical Center6, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center7, Brown University8, Pfizer9, University of Nevada, Reno10, University of Texas at San Antonio11, Kaiser Permanente12, University of California, Los Angeles13, University of Cincinnati14, Baylor College of Medicine15, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill16, Wayne State University17, Howard University18, George Washington University19, University of California, Irvine20, Ohio State University21, Medical College of Wisconsin22, University of Pittsburgh23, Stony Brook University24, University of California, San Diego25, University of Alabama at Birmingham26, Harvard University27, University of Minnesota28, Yeshiva University29, University of Massachusetts Medical School30, University of Miami31, University of Florida32, Emory University33, University of California, Davis34, National Institutes of Health35, University of Wisconsin-Madison36, Stanford University37, Northwestern University38, Wake Forest University39, University at Buffalo40
TL;DR: A low-fat dietary pattern intervention did not reduce the risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women during 8.1 years of follow-up, and secondary analyses suggested potential interactions with baseline aspirin use and combined estrogen-progestin use status.
Abstract: ContextObservational studies and polyp recurrence trials are not conclusive regarding the effects of a low-fat dietary pattern on risk of colorectal cancer, necessitating a primary prevention trial.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of a low-fat eating pattern on risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe Women’s Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial, a randomized controlled trial conducted in 48 835 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years recruited between 1993 and 1998 from 40 clinical centers throughout the United States.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned to the dietary modification intervention (n = 19 541; 40%) or the comparison group (n = 29 294; 60%).The intensive behavioral modification program aimed to motivate and support reductions in dietary fat, to increase consumption of vegetables and fruits, and to increase grain servings by using group sessions, self-monitoring techniques, and other tailored and targeted strategies. Women in the comparison group continued their usual eating pattern.Main Outcome MeasureInvasive colorectal cancer incidence.ResultsA total of 480 incident cases of invasive colorectal cancer occurred during a mean follow-up of 8.1 (SD, 1.7) years. Intervention group participants significantly reduced their percentage of energy from fat by 10.7% more than did the comparison group at 1 year, and this difference between groups was mostly maintained (8.1% at year 6). Statistically significant increases in vegetable, fruit, and grain servings were also made. Despite these dietary changes, there was no evidence that the intervention reduced the risk of invasive colorectal cancer during the follow-up period. There were 201 women with invasive colorectal cancer (0.13% per year) in the intervention group and 279 (0.12% per year) in the comparison group (hazard ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.90-1.29). Secondary analyses suggested potential interactions with baseline aspirin use and combined estrogen-progestin use status (P = .01 for each). Colorectal examination rates, although not protocol defined, were comparable between the intervention and comparison groups. Similar results were seen in analyses adjusting for adherence to the intervention.ConclusionIn this study, a low-fat dietary pattern intervention did not reduce the risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women during 8.1 years of follow-up.Clinical Trials RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000611
655 citations
Authors
Showing all 15827 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| George P. Chrousos | 169 | 1612 | 120752 |
| Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
| Bruce L. Miller | 163 | 1153 | 115975 |
| Ralph A. DeFronzo | 160 | 759 | 132993 |
| Frank J. Gonzalez | 160 | 1144 | 96971 |
| Robert G. Webster | 158 | 843 | 90776 |
| Anne B. Newman | 150 | 902 | 99255 |
| Ching-Hon Pui | 145 | 805 | 72146 |
| Barton F. Haynes | 144 | 911 | 79014 |
| Yoshihiro Kawaoka | 139 | 883 | 75087 |
| Seth M. Steinberg | 137 | 936 | 80148 |
| Richard J. Johnson | 137 | 880 | 72201 |
| Kristine Yaffe | 136 | 794 | 72250 |
| Leslie L. Robison | 131 | 854 | 64373 |
| Gerardo Heiss | 128 | 623 | 69393 |