Institution
University of Warsaw
Education•Warsaw, Poland•
About: University of Warsaw is a education organization based out in Warsaw, Poland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 20832 authors who have published 56617 publications receiving 1185084 citations. The organization is also known as: Uniwersytet Warszawski & Warsaw University.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an all sky map of the apparent temperature and optical depth of thermal dust emission is constructed using the Planck-HFI (350μm to 2 mm) and IRAS(100μm) data.
Abstract: An all sky map of the apparent temperature and optical depth of thermal dust emission is constructed using the Planck-HFI (350μm to 2 mm) andIRAS(100μm) data. The optical depth maps are correlated with tracers of the atomic (Hi) and molecular gas traced by CO. The correlation with the column density of observed gas is linear in the lowest column density regions at high Galactic latitudes. At high N(H), the correlation is consistent with that of the lowest NH, for a given choice of the CO-to-H(2) conversion factor. In the intermediate NH range, a departure from linearity is observed, with the dust optical depth in excess of the correlation. This excess emission is attributed to thermal emission by dust associated with a dark gas phase, undetected in the available Hi and CO surveys. The 2D spatial distribution of the dark gas in the solar neighbourhood (|b(II)| > 10°) is shown to extend around known molecular regions traced by CO. The average dust emissivity in the Hi phase in the solar neighbourhood is found to be τ(D)/N(H)(tot) = 5.2×10(-26) cm(2) at 857 GHz. It follows roughly a power law distribution with a spectral index β = 1.8 all the way down to 3 mm, although the SED flattens slightly in the millimetre. Taking into account the spectral shape of the dust optical depth, the emissivity is consistent with previous values derived fromFIRAS measurements at high latitudes within 10%. The threshold for the existence of the dark gas is found at N(H)(tot) = (8.0±0.58)×10(20) H cm(−2) (A(V )= 0.4mag). Assuming the same high frequency emissivity for the dust in the atomic and the molecular phases leads to an average X(CO) = (2.54 ± 0.13) × 10(20) H(2) cm(-2)/(K km s(-1)). The mass of dark gas is found to be 28% of the atomic gas and 118% of the CO emitting gas in the solar neighbourhood. The Galactic latitude distribution shows that its mass fraction is relatively constant down to a few degrees from the Galactic plane. A possible explanation for the dark gas lies in a dark molecular phase, where H2 survives photodissociation but CO does not. The observed transition for the onsetof this phase in the solar neighbourhood (AV = 0.4mag) appears consistent with recent theoretical predictions. It is also possible that up to half of the dark gas could be in atomic form, due to optical depth effects in the Hi measurements.
445 citations
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TL;DR: The first all-sky sample of galaxy clusters detected blindly by the Planck satellite through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect from its six highest frequencies was presented in this paper.
Abstract: We present the first all-sky sample of galaxy clusters detected blindly by the Planck satellite through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect from its six highest frequencies. This early SZ (ESZ) sample is comprised of 189 candidates, which have a high signal-to-noise ratio ranging from 6 to 29. Its high reliability (purity above 95%) is further ensured by an extensive validation process based on Planck internal quality assessments and by external cross-identification and follow-up observations. Planck provides the first measured SZ signal for about 80% of the 169 previouslyknown ESZ clusters. Planck furthermore releases 30 new cluster candidates, amongst which 20 meet the ESZ signal-to-noise selection criterion. At the submission date, twelve of the 20 ESZ candidates were confirmed as new clusters, with eleven confirmed using XMM-Newton snapshot observations, most of them with disturbed morphologies and low luminosities. The ESZ clusters are mostly at moderate redshifts (86% with z below 0.3) and span more than a decade in mass, up to the rarest and most massive clusters with masses above 1 × 10 15 M� .
443 citations
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TL;DR: The findings show that deep subwavelength mode volumes V together with quality factors Q that are reasonably high for plasmonic nanostructures result in a strong-coupling figure of merit-Q/sqrt[V] as high as ∼6×10^{3} μm^{-3/2], a value comparable to state-of-the-art photonic crystal and microring resonator cavities, which suggests that plas mon
Abstract: Realizing strong light-matter interactions between individual two-level systems and resonating cavities in atomic and solid state systems opens up possibilities to study optical nonlinearities on a single-photon level, which can be useful for future quantum information processing networks. However, these efforts have been hampered by unfavorable experimental conditions, such as cryogenic temperatures and ultrahigh vacuum, required to study such systems and phenomena. Although several attempts to realize strong light-matter interactions at room temperature using plasmon resonances have been made, successful realizations on the single-nanoparticle level are still lacking. Here, we demonstrate the strong coupling between plasmons confined within a single silver nanoprism and excitons in molecular J aggregates at ambient conditions. Our findings show that deep subwavelength mode volumes V together with quality factors Q that are reasonably high for plasmonic nanostructures result in a strong-coupling figure of merit-Q/root V as high as similar to 6 x 10(3) mu m(-3/2), a value comparable to state-of-the-art photonic crystal and microring resonator cavities. This suggests that plasmonic nanocavities, and specifically silver nanoprisms, can be used for room temperature quantum optics.
442 citations
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Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash1, M. R. Abernathy2, Fausto Acernese3, P. Ajith4 +222 more•Institutions (38)
TL;DR: The advanced interferometer network will herald a new era in observational astronomy, and there is a very strong science case to go beyond the advanced detector network and build detectors that operate in a frequency range from 1 Hz to 10 kHz, with sensitivity a factor 10 better in amplitude as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The advanced interferometer network will herald a new era in observational astronomy. There is a very strong science case to go beyond the advanced detector network and build detectors that operate in a frequency range from 1 Hz to 10 kHz, with sensitivity a factor 10 better in amplitude. Such detectors will be able to probe a range of topics in nuclear physics, astronomy, cosmology and fundamental physics, providing insights into many unsolved problems in these areas.
441 citations
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TL;DR: Detailed accounts are presented of design of potent inhibitors, largely nucleosides and acyclonucleosides, their phosphates and phosphonates, particularly of the human erythrocyte enzyme intended for induction of the immunodeficient state for clinical applications, such as prevention of host-versus-graft response in organ transplantations.
441 citations
Authors
Showing all 21191 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Alexander Malakhov | 139 | 1486 | 99556 |
Emmanuelle Perez | 138 | 1550 | 99016 |
Piotr Zalewski | 135 | 1388 | 89976 |
Krzysztof Doroba | 133 | 1440 | 89029 |
Hector F. DeLuca | 133 | 1303 | 69395 |
Krzysztof M. Gorski | 132 | 380 | 105912 |
Igor Golutvin | 131 | 1282 | 88559 |
Jan Krolikowski | 131 | 1289 | 83994 |
Michal Szleper | 130 | 1238 | 82036 |
Anatoli Zarubin | 129 | 1204 | 86435 |
Malgorzata Kazana | 129 | 1175 | 81106 |
Artur Kalinowski | 129 | 1162 | 81906 |
Predrag Milenovic | 129 | 1185 | 81144 |
Marcin Konecki | 128 | 1178 | 79392 |
Karol Bunkowski | 128 | 1192 | 79455 |