Journal ArticleDOI
A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif
J F Bazan,Kevin B. Bacon,Gary Hardiman,W Wang,K Soo,Devora L. Rossi,David R. Greaves,Albert Zlotnik,T J Schall +8 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The structure, biochemical features, tissue distribution and chromosomal localization of CX3C chemokine all indicate that it represents a unique class of chemokines that may constitute part of the molecular control of leukocyte traffic at the endothelium.Abstract:
Chemokines direct the trafficking of white blood cells in immune surveillance, playing a key role in inflammatory and infectious diseases such as AIDS. All chemokines studied so far are secreted proteins of relative molecular mass approximately 7K-15K and fall into three families that are defined by a cysteine signature motif: CXC, CC and C (refs 3, 6, 7), where C is a cysteine and X any amino-acid residue. We report here the identification and characterization of a fourth human chemokine type, derived from non-haemopoietic cells and bearing a new CX3C fingerprint. Unlike other chemokine types, the polypeptide chain of the human CX3C chemokine is predicted to be part of a 373-amino-acid protein that carries the chemokine domain on top of an extended mucin-like stalk. This molecule can exist in two forms: either membrane-anchored or as a shed 95K glycoprotein. The soluble CX3C chemokine has potent chemoattractant activity for T cells and monocytes, and the cell-surface-bound protein, which is induced on activated primary endothelial cells, promotes strong adhesion of those leukocytes. The structure, biochemical features, tissue distribution and chromosomal localization of CX3C chemokine all indicate that it represents a unique class of chemokine that may constitute part of the molecular control of leukocyte traffic at the endothelium.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease.
Haruhiko Akiyama,Steven W. Barger,Scott R. Barnum,B Bradt,Jürgen Bauer,Greg M. Cole,Neil R. Cooper,Piet Eikelenboom,Mark R. Emmerling,Bernd L. Fiebich,Caleb E. Finch,Sally A. Frautschy,W. S. T. Griffin,Harald Hampel,Michael Hüll,Gary E. Landreth,Lih-Fen Lue,Robert E. Mrak,Ian R. A. Mackenzie,Patrick L. McGeer,M K O'Banion,Joel S. Pachter,Giulio Maria Pasinetti,C Plata-Salaman,Joseph G. Rogers,Russell E. Rydel,Yueyang Shen,Wolfgang J. Streit,Ronald Strohmeyer,I Tooyoma,F L van Muiswinkel,R. Veerhuis,David G. Walker,Scott D. Webster,Beatrice Hauss–Wegrzyniak,Gary L. Wenk,Tony Wyss-Coray +36 more
TL;DR: By better understanding AD inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes, it should be possible to develop anti-inflammatory approaches that may not cure AD but will likely help slow the progression or delay the onset of this devastating disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemokines: A New Classification System and Their Role in Immunity
Albert Zlotnik,Osamu Yoshie +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemokines — Chemotactic Cytokines That Mediate Inflammation
TL;DR: This review introduces the burgeoning family of cytokines, with special emphasis on their role in the pathophysiology of disease and their potential as targets for therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blood Monocytes Consist of Two Principal Subsets with Distinct Migratory Properties
TL;DR: Using a murine adoptive transfer system to probe monocyte homing and differentiation in vivo, two functional subsets among murine blood monocytes are identified: a short-lived CX(3)CR1(lo)CCR2(+)Gr1(+) subset that is actively recruited to inflamed tissues and a CX (3) CR1(hi)CCS1-dependent recruitment to noninflamed tissues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemokines and leukocyte traffic
TL;DR: Over the past ten years, numerous chemokines have been identified as attractants of different types of blood leukocytes to sites of infection and inflammation and are now known to also function as regulatory molecules in leukocyte maturation, traffic and homing of lymphocytes, and the development of lymphoid tissues.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Traffic signals for lymphocyte recirculation and leukocyte emigration: The multistep paradigm
PatentDOI
Synthesis of proteins by native chemical ligation
TL;DR: The technique of native chemical ligation is employable for chemically synthesizing full length proteins as discussed by the authors, which are chemically identical to proteins produced by cell free synthesis, and can be refolded and/or oxidized to form native disulfide-containing protein molecules.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lymphocyte homing and homeostasis.
TL;DR: A review of the molecular basis of lymphocyte homing is presented, and mechanisms by which homing physiology regulates the homeostasis of immunologic resources are proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selective attraction of monocytes and T lymphocytes of the memory phenotype by cytokine RANTES.
TL;DR: The RANTES protein3 of the C-C class causes the selective migration of human blood monocytes and of T lymphocytes expressing the cell surface antigens CD4 and UCHL1, and may provide insight into the workings of T cell memory.
Journal ArticleDOI
The I.M.A.G.E. Consortium: an integrated molecular analysis of genomes and their expression.
TL;DR: An effort to share resources such that the maximum amount of gene-related data is obtained with the last redundancy is described, to have the data derived from the use of common reagents placed in public databases, and to create master arrays containing a representative cDNA clone from each gene.