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Actions of Caffeine in the Brain with Special Reference to Factors That Contribute to Its Widespread Use

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TLDR
Caffeine is the most widely consumed behaviorally active substance in the world and almost all caffeine comes from dietary sources (beverages and food).
Abstract
Caffeine is the most widely consumed behaviorally active substance in the world. Almost all caffeine comes from dietary sources (beverages and food), most of it from coffee and tea. Acute and, especially, chronic caffeine intake appear to have only minor negative consequences on health. For this

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The human D2 dopamine receptor synergizes with the A2A adenosine receptor to stimulate adenylyl cyclase in PC12 cells.

TL;DR: A2A-receptor-mediated cAMP formation was inhibited by other Gi/Go-coupled receptors that were either endogenously present or stably expressed after transfection, which is compatible with the proposed model that D2 and A2A receptors are closely associated.
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Modulation of paracetamol antinociception by caffeine and by selective adenosine A2 receptor antagonists in mice

TL;DR: It is suggested that adenosine A2B receptors may be involved in the action of paracetamol in a pathway-dependent manner, and also support the existence of pronociceptive adenosines A2A receptors.
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Impact of Coffee and Cacao Purine Metabolites on Neuroplasticity and Neurodegenerative Disease

TL;DR: Caffeine has been the most widely studied and has clear effects on neuronal network activity, promotes sustained cognitive performance and can protect neurons against dysfunction and death in animal models of stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson’s disease.
Journal ArticleDOI

Adenosine and synaptic plasticity

TL;DR: The effects of adenosine on synaptic plasticity should be relevant for the enhancement of intellectual performance related to caffeine intake and adenosinergic compounds might prove helpful in the treatment of memory disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI

Antioxidant activity elicited by low dose of caffeine attenuates pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures and oxidative damage in rats.

TL;DR: The neuroprotective effects of low long-term caffeine exposure to epileptic damage are supported and suggest that the increase in the cerebral GSH content caused by caffeine supplementation may provide a new therapeutic approach to the control of seizure.
References
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IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

TL;DR: This timely monograph is a distillation of knowledge of hepatitis B, C and D, based on a review of 1000 studies by a small group of scientists, and it is concluded that hepatitis D virus cannot be classified as a human carcinogen.
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A Neural Substrate of Prediction and Reward

TL;DR: Findings in this work indicate that dopaminergic neurons in the primate whose fluctuating output apparently signals changes or errors in the predictions of future salient and rewarding events can be understood through quantitative theories of adaptive optimizing control.
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Trending Questions (1)
Does caffeine consumption limit the blood supply to the brain?

No, caffeine consumption does not limit the blood supply to the brain.