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Actions of Caffeine in the Brain with Special Reference to Factors That Contribute to Its Widespread Use
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Caffeine is the most widely consumed behaviorally active substance in the world and almost all caffeine comes from dietary sources (beverages and food).Abstract:
Caffeine is the most widely consumed behaviorally active substance in the world. Almost all caffeine comes from dietary sources (beverages and food), most of it from coffee and tea. Acute and, especially, chronic caffeine intake appear to have only minor negative consequences on health. For thisread more
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Effects of 7-methylxanthine on the sclera in form deprivation myopia in guinea pigs
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the adenosine receptor antagonist 7‐methylxanthine (7‐MX) on form deprivation myopia in 3‐week‐old guinea pigs.
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Dialysis delivery of an adenosine A1 receptor agonist to the pontine reticular formation decreases acetylcholine release and increases anesthesia recovery time.
TL;DR: It is shown that pontine delivery of an adenosine A1 receptor agonist delays resumption of wakefulness following halothane anesthesia and is consistent with a potentially larger relevance of the current findings for efforts to specify neurons and molecules causing physiologic and behavioral traits comprising anesthetic states.
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Unexpectedly strong effect of caffeine on the vitality of western honeybees (Apis mellifera).
Aneta Strachecka,Magdalena Krauze,Krzysztof Olszewski,Grzegorz Borsuk,Jerzy Paleolog,Malwina Merska,Jacek Chobotow,M. Bajda,K. Grzywnowicz +8 more
TL;DR: The influence of caffeine on honeybee lifespan, Nosema resistance, key enzyme activities, metabolic compound concentrations, and total DNA methylation levels are examined to enhance possibilities of using Apis mellifera as a model organism in gerontological studies.
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Caffeine Reduces Apnea Frequency and Enhances Ventilatory Long-Term Facilitation in Rat Pups Raised in Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia
TL;DR: The results suggest that the effects of caffeine on apnea depend on increased central normoxic respiratory drive and enhancement of ventilatory long-term facilitation rather than on higher hypoxic ventilatories response.
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Effects of caffeine on olfactory and visual learning in the honey bee (Apis mellifera)
TL;DR: The results suggest that the honeybee model may be useful in explaining caffeine-related behavioural changes not only in this species, but also in mammalian systems.
References
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IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
TL;DR: This timely monograph is a distillation of knowledge of hepatitis B, C and D, based on a review of 1000 studies by a small group of scientists, and it is concluded that hepatitis D virus cannot be classified as a human carcinogen.
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A Neural Substrate of Prediction and Reward
TL;DR: Findings in this work indicate that dopaminergic neurons in the primate whose fluctuating output apparently signals changes or errors in the predictions of future salient and rewarding events can be understood through quantitative theories of adaptive optimizing control.