Journal ArticleDOI
Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices
David Tilman,Kenneth G. Cassman,Pamela A. Matson,Pamela A. Matson,Rosamond L. Naylor,Stephen Polasky +5 more
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TLDR
A doubling in global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses huge challenges for the sustainability both of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide to society.Abstract:
A doubling in global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses huge challenges for the sustainability both of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Agriculturalists are the principal managers of global useable lands and will shape, perhaps irreversibly, the surface of the Earth in the coming decades. New incentives and policies for ensuring the sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services will be crucial if we are to meet the demands of improving yields without compromising environmental integrity or public health.read more
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How a socio-ecological metabolism approach can help to advance our understanding of changes in land-use intensity.
TL;DR: In the future, safeguarding the land-sparing effect of intensification could become decisive, given the rising nutritional and energy demands of a growing world population, and the concomitant need to protect the shrinking untouched habitats of the Earth, rich in biodiversity and carbon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Engineering phosphorus metabolism in plants to produce a dual fertilization and weed control system
TL;DR: This work has developed a dual fertilization and weed control system by generating transgenic plants that can use phosphite as a sole phosphorus source and requires 30–50% less phosphorus input when fertilized with phosphite.
Journal ArticleDOI
Management of irrigation frequency and nitrogen fertilization to mitigate GHG and NO emissions from drip-fertigated crops.
Diego Abalos,Laura Sánchez-Martín,Lourdes García-Torres,Jan Willem van Groenigen,Antonio Vallejo +4 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that weekly fertigation with a NO3(-)-based fertilizer is the best option to combine agronomic productivity with environmental sustainability and provide an opportunity for climate change mitigation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trade-offs between economic and environmental impacts of introducing legumes into cropping systems
Moritz Reckling,Göran Bergkvist,Christine A. Watson,Christine A. Watson,Frederick L. Stoddard,Peter Zander,Robin L. Walker,A. Pristeri,Ion Toncea,Johann Bachinger +9 more
TL;DR: Increasing the cultivation of legumes could lead to economic competitive cropping systems and positive environmental impacts, but achieving this aim requires the development of novel management strategies informed by the involvement of advisors and farmers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Earthworms, pesticides and sustainable agriculture: a review
TL;DR: The response of earthworm toward the pesticides is assessed and also the relationship between earthworm activity and plant growth is evaluated, which indicates the importance of earthworms in sustainable agriculture and effect of pesticides on their action.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change 2001: the scientific basis
John Theodore Houghton,Y. Ding,David John Griggs,M. Noguer,P. J. van der Linden,X. Dai,K. Maskell,C. A. Johnson +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the climate system and its dynamics, including observed climate variability and change, the carbon cycle, atmospheric chemistry and greenhouse gases, and their direct and indirect effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human Domination of Earth's Ecosystems
TL;DR: Human alteration of Earth is substantial and growing as discussed by the authors, between one-third and one-half of the land surface has been transformed by human action; the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has increased by nearly 30 percent since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution; more atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by humanity than by all natural terrestrial sources combined; more than half of all accessible surface fresh water is put to use by humanity; and about one-quarter of the bird species on Earth have been driven to extinction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: sources and consequences
Peter M. Vitousek,John D. Aber,Robert W. Howarth,Gene E. Likens,Pamela A. Matson,David W. Schindler,William H. Schlesinger,David Tilman +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of available scientific evidence shows that human alterations of the nitrogen cycle have approximately doubled the rate of nitrogen input into the terrestrial nitrogen cycle, with these rates still increasing; increased concentrations of the potent greenhouse gas N 2O globally, and increased concentration of other oxides of nitrogen that drive the formation of photochemical smog over large regions of Earth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen
Stephen R. Carpenter,Nina F. Caraco,David L. Correll,Robert W. Howarth,Andrew N. Sharpley,Val H. Smith +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the available scientific information, they are confident that nonpoint pollution of surface waters with P and N could be reduced by reducing surplus nutrient flows in agricultural systems and processes, reducing agricultural and urban runoff by diverse methods, and reducing N emissions from fossil fuel burning, but rates of recovery are highly variable among water bodies.
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