Journal ArticleDOI
Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices
David Tilman,Kenneth G. Cassman,Pamela A. Matson,Pamela A. Matson,Rosamond L. Naylor,Stephen Polasky +5 more
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TLDR
A doubling in global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses huge challenges for the sustainability both of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide to society.Abstract:
A doubling in global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses huge challenges for the sustainability both of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Agriculturalists are the principal managers of global useable lands and will shape, perhaps irreversibly, the surface of the Earth in the coming decades. New incentives and policies for ensuring the sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services will be crucial if we are to meet the demands of improving yields without compromising environmental integrity or public health.read more
Citations
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Locating eutrophication effects across British vegetation between 1990 and 1998
TL;DR: Large-scale ecological surveillance data was analysed to determine the locations of apparent eutrophication effects across common British vegetation types between 1990 and 1998, finding patterns of change are hypothesized to reflect pervasive land-use drivers combined with the inherent responsiveness of the vegetation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deconstructing and unpacking scientific controversies in intensification and sustainability: why the tensions in concepts and values?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make a plea to create clarity in assumptions, norms and values in that decision-making process, acknowledging a hierarchy of considerations underlying decision making on trade-offs, thus allowing political and moral arguments to play a proper role in the strategy towards sustainable intensification.
Journal ArticleDOI
An estimate of greenhouse gas (N2O and CO2) mitigation potential under various scenarios of nitrogen use efficiency in Chinese croplands
Yao Huang,Yao Huang,Yonghua Tang +2 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the greenhouse gas (GHG; N 2 0 and CO 2 ) mitigation potential (MP) from Chinese cropland and its regional distribution by quantifying NUE and determining the amount of over-applied synthetic N under various scenarios of NUE.
Journal ArticleDOI
Progressive integrative crop managements increase grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and irrigation water productivity in rice
Hao Zhang,Chao Yu,Xiangsheng Kong,Danping Hou,Junfei Gu,Lijun Liu,Zhiqin Wang,Jianchang Yang +7 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the integrative and optimized crop management could achieve the dual goal of increasing grain yield and resource use efficiency through improving agronomic and physiological performances, especially increases in sink size and shoot and root growth, leading to higher grain yield, NUE, and IWP.
Journal ArticleDOI
How the structure of agro-food systems shapes nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon fluxes: The generalized representation of agro-food system applied at the regional scale in France.
TL;DR: The systemic impact of production patterns on environmental and agronomic performances at the regional scale is demonstrated as well as the relation between production pattern and N surplus, P budget, and efficient organic carbon inputs is analyzed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change 2001: the scientific basis
John Theodore Houghton,Y. Ding,David John Griggs,M. Noguer,P. J. van der Linden,X. Dai,K. Maskell,C. A. Johnson +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the climate system and its dynamics, including observed climate variability and change, the carbon cycle, atmospheric chemistry and greenhouse gases, and their direct and indirect effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human Domination of Earth's Ecosystems
TL;DR: Human alteration of Earth is substantial and growing as discussed by the authors, between one-third and one-half of the land surface has been transformed by human action; the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has increased by nearly 30 percent since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution; more atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by humanity than by all natural terrestrial sources combined; more than half of all accessible surface fresh water is put to use by humanity; and about one-quarter of the bird species on Earth have been driven to extinction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: sources and consequences
Peter M. Vitousek,John D. Aber,Robert W. Howarth,Gene E. Likens,Pamela A. Matson,David W. Schindler,William H. Schlesinger,David Tilman +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of available scientific evidence shows that human alterations of the nitrogen cycle have approximately doubled the rate of nitrogen input into the terrestrial nitrogen cycle, with these rates still increasing; increased concentrations of the potent greenhouse gas N 2O globally, and increased concentration of other oxides of nitrogen that drive the formation of photochemical smog over large regions of Earth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen
Stephen R. Carpenter,Nina F. Caraco,David L. Correll,Robert W. Howarth,Andrew N. Sharpley,Val H. Smith +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the available scientific information, they are confident that nonpoint pollution of surface waters with P and N could be reduced by reducing surplus nutrient flows in agricultural systems and processes, reducing agricultural and urban runoff by diverse methods, and reducing N emissions from fossil fuel burning, but rates of recovery are highly variable among water bodies.
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