Journal ArticleDOI
Amplified trace gas removal in the troposphere.
Andreas Hofzumahaus,Franz Rohrer,Keding Lu,Keding Lu,Birger Bohn,Theo Brauers,Chih-Chung Chang,Hendrik Fuchs,Frank Holland,Kazuyuki Kita,Yutaka Kondo,Xin Li,Xin Li,Shengrong Lou,Shengrong Lou,Min Shao,Limin Zeng,Andreas Wahner,Yuanhang Zhang +18 more
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TLDR
Concentrations of OH were three to five times greater than expected, and the existence of a pathway for the regeneration of OH independent of NO is proposed, which amplifies the degradation of pollutants without producing ozone.Abstract:
The degradation of trace gases and pollutants in the troposphere is dominated by their reaction with hydroxyl radicals (OH). The importance of OH rests on its high reactivity, its ubiquitous photochemical production in the sunlit atmosphere, and most importantly on its regeneration in the oxidation chain of the trace gases. In the current understanding, the recycling of OH proceeds through HO2 reacting with NO, thereby forming ozone. A recent field campaign in the Pearl River Delta, China, quantified tropospheric OH and HO2 concentrations and turnover rates by direct measurements. We report that concentrations of OH were three to five times greater than expected, and we propose the existence of a pathway for the regeneration of OH independent of NO, which amplifies the degradation of pollutants without producing ozone.read more
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Atmospheric composition change – global and regional air quality
Paul S. Monks,Claire Granier,Claire Granier,Claire Granier,Sandro Fuzzi,Andreas Stohl,Martin L. Williams,Hajime Akimoto,Markus Amann,Alexander Baklanov,Urs Baltensperger,Isabelle Bey,Nicola J. Blake,Robert S. Blake,Kenneth S. Carslaw,Owen R. Cooper,Owen R. Cooper,F. J. Dentener,David Fowler,E. Fragkou,Gregory J. Frost,Gregory J. Frost,S. Generoso,Paul Ginoux,Volker Grewe,Alex Guenther,Hans-Christen Hansson,Stephan Henne,Jens Hjorth,Andreas Hofzumahaus,Heidi Huntrieser,Ivar S. A. Isaksen,Michael E. Jenkin,Jan Kaiser,Maria Kanakidou,Zbigniew Klimont,Markku Kulmala,Paolo Laj,Paolo Laj,Mark Lawrence,James D. Lee,Catherine Liousse,Michela Maione,Gordon McFiggans,A. Metzger,Aude Mieville,Nicolas Moussiopoulos,John J. Orlando,Colin D. O'Dowd,Paul I. Palmer,D. D. Parrish,Andreas Petzold,Ulrich Platt,Ulrich Pöschl,André S. H. Prévôt,Claire E. Reeves,Stefan Reimann,Yinon Rudich,Karine Sellegri,Rainer Steinbrecher,David Simpson,David Simpson,H.M. ten Brink,J. Theloke,G. R. van der Werf,Robert Vautard,Vigdis Vestreng,Ch. Vlachokostas,R. von Glasow +68 more
TL;DR: A review of the state of scientific understanding in relation to global and regional air quality is outlined in this article, in terms of emissions, processing and transport of trace gases and aerosols.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiphase chemistry at the atmosphere-biosphere interface influencing climate and public health in the anthropocene.
Ulrich Pöschl,Manabu Shiraiwa +1 more
TL;DR: This work addresses air contaminants and their multiphase chemical interactions at the atmosphere−biosphere interface, including human lungs and skin, plant leaves, cryptogamic covers, soil, and aquatic surfaces, and the chemical interactions of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, as well as carbonaceous combustion aerosols.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new atmospherically relevant oxidant of sulphur dioxide
Roy L. Mauldin,Roy L. Mauldin,Roy L. Mauldin,Torsten Berndt,Mikko Sipilä,Mikko Sipilä,Mikko Sipilä,Pauli Paasonen,Tuukka Petäjä,S. Kim,Theo Kurtén,Frank Stratmann,V.-M. Kerminen,Markku Kulmala +13 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that this new atmospherically relevant oxidation route is important relative to oxidation by the hydroxyl radical, at least at moderate concentrations of that radical.
Journal ArticleDOI
The molecular identification of organic compounds in the atmosphere : state of the art and challenges
Barbara Nozière,Markus Kalberer,Magda Claeys,James Allan,Barbara D'Anna,Stefano Decesari,E. Finessi,Marianne Glasius,Irena Grgić,Jacqueline F. Hamilton,Thorsten Hoffmann,Yoshiteru Iinuma,Mohammed Jaoui,Ariane Kahnt,Christopher J. Kampf,Ivan Kourtchev,Willy Maenhaut,Willy Maenhaut,Nicholas Marsden,Sanna Saarikoski,Jürgen Schnelle-Kreis,Jason D. Surratt,Sönke Szidat,Rafal Szmigielski,Armin Wisthaler +24 more
TL;DR: Atmosphere: State of the Art and Challenges Barbara Nozier̀e,*,† Markus Kalberer,*,‡ Magda Claeys,* James Allan, Barbara D’Anna,† Stefano Decesari, Emanuela Finessi, Marianne Glasius, Irena Grgic,́ Jacqueline F.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tropospheric OH and HO2 radicals: field measurements and model comparisons.
TL;DR: This critical review discusses field measurements of local concentrations of OH and HO(2) radicals in the troposphere, and in particular the comparisons that have been made with numerical model calculations containing a detailed chemical mechanism.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Known and unexplored organic constituents in the Earth's atmosphere
TL;DR: The sources, structure, chemistry, and fate of gas-phase and aerosol organic compounds were studied in this article. But much remains to be learned about the sources, structures, and chemistry of these compounds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ozone production in the rural troposphere and the implications for regional and global ozone distributions
Shaw Chen Liu,Michael Trainer,Fred C. Fehsenfeld,David D. Parrish,Eric J. Williams,David W. Fahey,Gerhard Hübler,P. C. Murphy +7 more
TL;DR: The relationship between O3 and NOx (NO + NO2) which was measured during summer and winter periods at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, has been analyzed and compared to model calculations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Normal atmosphere: large radical and formaldehyde concentrations predicted.
TL;DR: A radical chain reaction is proposed for the rapid removal of carbon monoxide, leading to acarbon monoxide lifetime as low as 0.2 year in the surface atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atmospheric oxidation capacity sustained by a tropical forest
Jos Lelieveld,Tim Butler,John Crowley,Terry J. Dillon,Horst Fischer,Laurens Ganzeveld,Hartwig Harder,Mark Lawrence,Monica Martinez,Domenico Taraborrelli,Jonathan Williams +10 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that natural VOC oxidation, notably of isoprene, recycles OH efficiently in low-NOx air through reactions of organic peroxy radicals, which demonstrates that the biosphere maintains a remarkable balance with the atmospheric environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Missing OH reactivity in a forest: evidence for unknown reactive biogenic VOCs.
Piero Di Carlo,Piero Di Carlo,William H. Brune,Monica Martinez,Hartwig Harder,R. Lesher,Xinrong Ren,Troy Thornberry,Mary Anne Carroll,V. Young,Paul B. Shepson,Daniel D. Riemer,Eric C. Apel,Colleen Campbell +13 more
TL;DR: In a northern Michigan forest, the direct measurement of total OH reactivity, which is the inverse of the OH lifetime, was significantly greater than expected, consistent with the hypothesis that unknown reactive BVOCs, perhaps terpenes, provide the missingOH reactivity.