Bone Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Challenges
TLDR
The fundamentals of bone tissue engineering are discussed, highlighting the current state of this field, and the recent advances of biomaterial and cell-based research, as well as approaches used to enhance bone regeneration.Abstract:
The worldwide incidence of bone disorders and conditions has trended steeply upward and is expected to double by 2020, especially in populations where aging is coupled with increased obesity and poor physical activity. Engineered bone tissue has been viewed as a potential alternative to the conventional use of bone grafts, due to their limitless supply and no disease transmission. However, bone tissue engineering practices have not proceeded to clinical practice due to several limitations or challenges. Bone tissue engineering aims to induce new functional bone regeneration via the synergistic combination of biomaterials, cells, and factor therapy. In this review, we discuss the fundamentals of bone tissue engineering, highlighting the current state of this field. Further, we review the recent advances of biomaterial and cell-based research, as well as approaches used to enhance bone regeneration. Specifically, we discuss widely investigated biomaterial scaffolds, micro- and nano-structural properties of these scaffolds, and the incorporation of biomimetic properties and/or growth factors. In addition, we examine various cellular approaches, including the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and their clinical application strengths and limitations. We conclude by overviewing the challenges that face the bone tissue engineering field, such as the lack of sufficient vascularization at the defect site, and the research aimed at functional bone tissue engineering. These challenges will drive future research in the field.read more
Citations
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The optimization and production of stable homogeneous amine enriched surfaces with characterized nanotopographical properties for enhanced osteoinduction of mesenchymal stem cells.
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Design procedure for triply periodic minimal surface based biomimetic scaffolds.
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In vitro effects of particulate bone substitute materials on the resorption activity of human osteoclasts.
Guenter Russmueller,Winkler L,Roman Lieber,Rudolf Seemann,Katharina Pirklbauer,Christos Perisanidis,Barbara Kapeller,E. Spassova,E. Halwax,Wolfgang P. Poeschl,Karin Macfelda,Doris Moser +11 more
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Hard-Soft Tissue Interface Engineering.
Oliver Armitage,Michelle L. Oyen +1 more
TL;DR: It is likely that the development of complex musculoskeletal tissue systems will continue to be limited by the engineering of connective tissues interfaces with bone, as each region has different optimal conditions.
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