Bone Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Challenges
TLDR
The fundamentals of bone tissue engineering are discussed, highlighting the current state of this field, and the recent advances of biomaterial and cell-based research, as well as approaches used to enhance bone regeneration.Abstract:
The worldwide incidence of bone disorders and conditions has trended steeply upward and is expected to double by 2020, especially in populations where aging is coupled with increased obesity and poor physical activity. Engineered bone tissue has been viewed as a potential alternative to the conventional use of bone grafts, due to their limitless supply and no disease transmission. However, bone tissue engineering practices have not proceeded to clinical practice due to several limitations or challenges. Bone tissue engineering aims to induce new functional bone regeneration via the synergistic combination of biomaterials, cells, and factor therapy. In this review, we discuss the fundamentals of bone tissue engineering, highlighting the current state of this field. Further, we review the recent advances of biomaterial and cell-based research, as well as approaches used to enhance bone regeneration. Specifically, we discuss widely investigated biomaterial scaffolds, micro- and nano-structural properties of these scaffolds, and the incorporation of biomimetic properties and/or growth factors. In addition, we examine various cellular approaches, including the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and their clinical application strengths and limitations. We conclude by overviewing the challenges that face the bone tissue engineering field, such as the lack of sufficient vascularization at the defect site, and the research aimed at functional bone tissue engineering. These challenges will drive future research in the field.read more
Citations
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Guided tissue engineering for healing of cancellous and cortical bone using a combination of biomaterial based scaffolding and local bone active molecule delivery
Deepak Bushan Raina,Irfan Qayoom,David Larsson,Minghao Zheng,Ashok Kumar,Hanna Isaksson,Lars Lidgren,Magnus Tägil +7 more
TL;DR: The approach to guide cancellous as well as cortical bone regeneration separately in a metaphyseal defect using two bioactive molecule immobilized biomaterials is promising and could improve the clinical care of patients with metaphYseal defects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone tissue engineering using human cells: A comprehensive review on recent trends, current prospects, and recommendations
Saeid Kargozar,Masoud Mozafari,Sepideh Hamzehlou,Peiman Brouki Milan,Hae-Won Kim,Francesco Baino +5 more
TL;DR: This study critically reviewed all the currently used cell sources for bone reconstruction and discussed the new horizons that are opening up in the context of cell-based bone tissue engineering strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of electrospun poly (vinyl alcohol)‐based bionanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Mohammad Saied Enayati,Mohammad Saied Enayati,Tayebeh Behzad,Paweł Sajkiewicz,Mohammad Rafienia,Rouhollah Bagheri,Laleh Ghasemi-Mobarakeh,Dorota Kołbuk,Zari Pahlevanneshan,Shahin Bonakdar +9 more
TL;DR: The obtained results confirm that the 3-componemnt fibrous scaffold of PVA/nHAp/CNF has promising potential in hard TE.
Journal ArticleDOI
Undifferentiated human adipose‐derived stromal/stem cells loaded onto wet‐spun starch–polycaprolactone scaffolds enhance bone regeneration: Nude mice calvarial defect in vivo study
Pedro P. Carvalho,Pedro P. Carvalho,Isabel B. Leonor,Brenda J. Smith,Isabel R. Dias,Isabel R. Dias,Rui L. Reis,Jeffrey M. Gimble,Manuela E. Gomes +8 more
TL;DR: Nondifferentiated human ASCs enhance ossification of nonhealing nude mice calvarial defects, and wet-spun SPCL confirmed its suitability for bone tissue engineering.
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Synthesis of composite gelatin-hyaluronic acid-alginate porous scaffold and evaluation for in vitro stem cell growth and in vivo tissue integration.
TL;DR: The results suggest that a porous GHA matrix with suitable mechanical integrity and tissue compatibility is a promising substrate for the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells for bone tissue engineering applications.
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