Bone Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Challenges
TLDR
The fundamentals of bone tissue engineering are discussed, highlighting the current state of this field, and the recent advances of biomaterial and cell-based research, as well as approaches used to enhance bone regeneration.Abstract:
The worldwide incidence of bone disorders and conditions has trended steeply upward and is expected to double by 2020, especially in populations where aging is coupled with increased obesity and poor physical activity. Engineered bone tissue has been viewed as a potential alternative to the conventional use of bone grafts, due to their limitless supply and no disease transmission. However, bone tissue engineering practices have not proceeded to clinical practice due to several limitations or challenges. Bone tissue engineering aims to induce new functional bone regeneration via the synergistic combination of biomaterials, cells, and factor therapy. In this review, we discuss the fundamentals of bone tissue engineering, highlighting the current state of this field. Further, we review the recent advances of biomaterial and cell-based research, as well as approaches used to enhance bone regeneration. Specifically, we discuss widely investigated biomaterial scaffolds, micro- and nano-structural properties of these scaffolds, and the incorporation of biomimetic properties and/or growth factors. In addition, we examine various cellular approaches, including the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and their clinical application strengths and limitations. We conclude by overviewing the challenges that face the bone tissue engineering field, such as the lack of sufficient vascularization at the defect site, and the research aimed at functional bone tissue engineering. These challenges will drive future research in the field.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Processing of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering: State of the art
TL;DR: Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is responsive for the evolution of third generation implants, where the main focus is to create the environment which helps to stimulate the cell response in direction of bone regeneration as mentioned in this paper.
Book ChapterDOI
Coral Scaffolds in Bone Tissue Engineering and Bone Regeneration
Mathieu Manassero,Mathieu Manassero,Adeline Decambron,Adeline Decambron,Nane Guillemin,Hervé Petite,Rena Bizios,Véronique Viateau,Véronique Viateau +8 more
TL;DR: Coral exoskeleton has been used as scaffold material to fill bone defects in both animal models and humans since the early 1970s as mentioned in this paper, and the possibility of seeding coral scaffolds with either stem cells or loading them with growth factors has provided novel alternatives for bone tissue engineering.
Dissertation
Bioengineering The Fracture Callus: Bone Repair Through Fracture Mimetics
TL;DR: It is concluded that these constructs could potentially enhance bone repair in cases of atrophic non-union fracture, where the failure of callus formation is a defining event.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound for Bone Tissue Engineering
TL;DR: In this article, the results of in vitro and in vivo studies that have evaluated the effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on cell behavior within 3D titanium, ceramic, and hydrogel scaffolds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative analysis of bone regeneration behavior using recombinant human BMP‐2 versus plasmid DNA of BMP‐2
Andreas Kolk,Marko Boskov,Selgai Haidari,Thomas Tischer,Martijn van Griensven,Oliver Bissinger,Christian Plank +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a critical size bone defect (CSD) model was used to compare recombinant growth factor (rhBMP-2) and non-viral gene transfer (nVGT) methods for bone regeneration.
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