Journal ArticleDOI
Causes and consequences of micronuclei.
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors discuss how micronuclei are generated, what the consequences are, and what cellular mechanisms can be applied to protect against micronuclearation, with a focus on the effects of DNA degradation.About:
This article is published in Current Opinion in Cell Biology.The article was published on 2021-06-01. It has received 60 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Chromothripsis & DNA repair.read more
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DNA damage and repair in age-related inflammation
TL;DR: In this article , the authors discuss the mechanisms by which DNA damage induces inflammation, such as through activation of the cGAS-STING axis and NF-κB activation by ATM.
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Current Methods and Pipelines for Image-Based Quantitation of Nuclear Shape and Nuclear Envelope Abnormalities
TL;DR: An overview of several nuclear abnormalities, including micronuclei, nuclear envelope invaginations, blebs and ruptures, and current methods used for image-based quantification of these abnormalities are reviewed, and several parameters that can be used to quantify nuclear shape are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Telomeric 8-oxo-guanine drives rapid premature senescence in the absence of telomere shortening
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed that oxidative stress promotes rapid senescence by producing oxidative base lesions that drive replication-dependent telomere fragility and dysfunction in the absence of shortening and shelterin loss.
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Principles and functions of pericentromeric satellite DNA clustering into chromocenters.
TL;DR: In this article , a review of the literature on pericentromeric satellite DNA and its organization and functions across eukaryotic species is presented, focusing on chromocenters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spontaneous activity of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway drives chromosomal defects, the appearance of micronuclei and cancer metastasis through the Caspase-Activated DNAse
Aladin Haimovici,Christoph Höfer,Mohamed Tarek Badr,Elham Bavafaye Haghighi,Tarek Amer,Melanie Boerries,Peter Bronsert,Ievgen Glavynskyi,Deborah Fanfone,Gabriel Ichim,Nico Thilmany,Arnim Weber,Tilman Brummer,Corinna Spohr,Rupert Öllinger,Klaus-Peter Janssen,Roland Rad,Georg Häcker +17 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors tested whether spontaneously appearing micronuclei in cancer cells are linked to sub-lethal apoptotic signals and found that low-level activity in the mitochondrial apoptosis apparatus operates through CAD-dependent gene induction and STING-activation and has substantial impact on metastasis in cancer patients.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Autophagic removal of micronuclei.
Santiago Rello-Varona,Delphine Lissa,Shensi Shen,Mireia Niso-Santano,Laura Senovilla,Guillermo Mariño,Ilio Vitale,Mohamed Jemaà,Francis Harper,Gérard Pierron,Maria Castedo,Guido Kroemer +11 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that micron nuclei can be subjected to autophagic degradation and it can be speculated that removal of micronuclei may contribute to the genome-stabilizing effects of autophagy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tight nuclear tethering of cGAS is essential for preventing autoreactivity.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that endogenous cGAS is predominantly a nuclear protein, regardless of cell cycle phase or cGas activation status, and it is shown that tight nuclear tethering maintains the resting state ofcGAS and prevents autoreactivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Supernumerary B chromosomes of Aegilops speltoides undergo precise elimination in roots early in embryo development
Alevtina S. Ruban,Thomas Schmutzer,Thomas Schmutzer,Dan D. Wu,Dan D. Wu,Joerg Fuchs,A. Boudichevskaia,Myroslava Rubtsova,Myroslava Rubtsova,Klaus Pistrick,Michael Melzer,Axel Himmelbach,Veit Schubert,Uwe Scholz,Andreas Houben +14 more
TL;DR: P programmed B chromosome elimination in goatgrass starts at the onset of embryo differentiation by nondisjunction of chromatids, anaphase lagging, and ends with the degradation of micronucleated DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Absence of RNase H2 triggers generation of immunogenic micronuclei removed by autophagy
Kareen Bartsch,Katharina Knittler,Christopher Borowski,Sönke Rudnik,Markus Damme,Konrad Aden,Martina E. Spehlmann,Norbert Frey,Paul Saftig,Athena Chalaris,Björn Rabe +10 more
TL;DR: It is reported that murine RNase H2 knockout cells accumulated cytosolic DNA aggregates virtually indistinguishable from micronuclei, and induction of autophagy by pharmacological mTOR inhibition resulted in a significant reduction of cytOSolic DNA and the accompanied interferon signature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural mechanism of cGAS inhibition by the nucleosome
Ganesh R. Pathare,Ganesh R. Pathare,Alexiane Decout,Selene Glück,Simone Cavadini,Simone Cavadini,Kristina Makasheva,Ruud Hovius,Georg Kempf,Georg Kempf,Joscha Weiss,Joscha Weiss,Zuzanna Kozicka,Zuzanna Kozicka,Baptiste Guey,Pauline Melenec,Beat Fierz,Nicolas H. Thomä,Nicolas H. Thomä,Andrea Ablasser +19 more
TL;DR: It is found that mutations to the cGAS-acidic patch interface are necessary and sufficient to abolish the inhibitory effect of nucleosomes in vitro and to unleashcGAS activity on genomic DNA in living cells.