Journal ArticleDOI
Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors: Positioning Cells for Host Defense and Immunity
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TLDR
This review focuses on recent advances in understanding how the chemokine system orchestrates immune cell migration and positioning at the organismic level in homeostasis, in acute inflammation, and during the generation and regulation of adoptive primary and secondary immune responses in the lymphoid system and peripheral nonlymphoid tissue.Abstract:
Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that control the migratory patterns and positioning of all immune cells. Although chemokines were initially appreciated as important mediators of acute inflammation, we now know that this complex system of approximately 50 endogenous chemokine ligands and 20 G protein–coupled seven-transmembrane signaling receptors is also critical for the generation of primary and secondary adaptive cellular and humoral immune responses. Recent studies demonstrate important roles for the chemokine system in the priming of naive T cells, in cell fate decisions such as effector and memory cell differentiation, and in regulatory T cell function. In this review, we focus on recent advances in understanding how the chemokine system orchestrates immune cell migration and positioning at the organismic level in homeostasis, in acute inflammation, and during the generation and regulation of adoptive primary and secondary immune responses in the lymphoid system and peripheral nonlymphoid tissue.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
T Cell Interstitial Migration: Motility Cues from the Inflamed Tissue for Micro- and Macro-Positioning.
TL;DR: The local micro-positioning cues T cells encounter as they migrate within inflamed tissues, from surrounding ECM and signaling molecules are highlighted, as well as a requirement for appropriate long-range macro- positioning within distinct tissue compartments or at discrete foci of infection or tissue damage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inhibition of CXCL1-CXCR2 axis ameliorates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by mediating inflammatory response
TL;DR: Results indicate that CXCL1-CXCR2 signaling axis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced AKI through regulation of inflammatory response and maybe a novel therapeutic target for cisPlatin- induced AKI.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blockade of CCL24 with a monoclonal antibody ameliorates experimental dermal and pulmonary fibrosis
Adi Mor,Michal Segal Salto,Avi Katav,Neta Barashi,Victoria Edelshtein,Mirko Manetti,Yair Levi,Jacob George,Marco Matucci-Cerinic +8 more
TL;DR: Inhibition of CCL24 by CM-101 mAb can be potentially beneficial for therapeutic use in SSc patients and plays an important role in pathological processes of skin and lung inflammation and fibrosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of CXCR3 in Neurological Diseases
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that CXCR3 plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of MS, glioma, AD, chronic pain, HAM/TSP and bipolar disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gold nanorods inhibit respiratory syncytial virus by stimulating the innate immune response
Swapnil Bawage,Pooja M. Tiwari,Ankur Singh,Saurabh Dixit,Shreekumar R. Pillai,Vida A. Dennis,Shree R. Singh +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that gold nanorods (GNRs) inhibit RSV in HEp-2 cells and BALB/c mice by 82% and 56%, respectively, which is the first in vitro and in vivo report that provides possible antiviral mechanisms of GNRs against RSV.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Two subsets of memory T lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions
TL;DR: It is shown that expression of CCR7, a chemokine receptor that controls homing to secondary lymphoid organs, divides human memory T cells into two functionally distinct subsets, which are named central memory (TCM) and effector memory (TEM).
Journal ArticleDOI
Neutrophil recruitment and function in health and inflammation
Elzbieta Kolaczkowska,Paul Kubes +1 more
TL;DR: The key features of the life of a neutrophil are discussed, from its release from bone marrow to its death, and the mechanisms that are used by neutrophils to promote protective or pathological immune responses at different sites are explained.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blood Monocytes Consist of Two Principal Subsets with Distinct Migratory Properties
TL;DR: Using a murine adoptive transfer system to probe monocyte homing and differentiation in vivo, two functional subsets among murine blood monocytes are identified: a short-lived CX(3)CR1(lo)CCR2(+)Gr1(+) subset that is actively recruited to inflamed tissues and a CX (3) CR1(hi)CCS1-dependent recruitment to noninflamed tissues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Circulating mitochondrial DAMPs cause inflammatory responses to injury
Qin Zhang,Mustafa Raoof,Yu Chen,Yuka Sumi,Tolga Sursal,Wolfgang G. Junger,Karim Brohi,Kiyoshi Itagaki,Carl J. Hauser +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that injury releases mitochondrial DAMPs into the circulation with functionally important immune consequences, including formyl peptides and mitochondrial DNA, which promote PMN Ca2+ flux and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, thus leading to PMN migration and degranulation in vitro and in vivo.
Journal ArticleDOI
CCR7 coordinates the primary immune response by establishing functional microenvironments in secondary lymphoid organs.
Reinhold Förster,Andreas Schubel,Dagmar Breitfeld,Elisabeth Kremmer,Ingrid Renner-Müller,Eckhard Wolf,Martin Lipp +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemokine receptor CCR7 was identified as an important organizer of the primary immune response in mice, and severely delayed kinetics regarding the antibody response and lack contact sensitivity and delayed type hypersensitivity reactions.
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