Journal ArticleDOI
Classification, seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns
TLDR
In this article, Orthogonally rotated principle component analysis (RPCA) was used to identify and describe the seasonality and persistence of the major modes of interannual variability.Abstract:
Orthogonally rotated principle component analysis (RPCA) of Northern Hemisphere 1-month mean 700 mb heights is used to identify and describe the seasonality and persistence of the major modes of interannual variability. The analysis is detailed and comprehensive, in that 1) a high resolution, approximately equal-area 358-point grid is used for the virtually maximum possible 35-year period of record, 2) a positive bias in the NMC data base in the early 1950s in the subtropics is largely eliminated for the first time, and 3) homogeneous, separate analyses of each month of the year are carried out, detailing the mouth-to-month changes in the dominant circulation patterns. Winter results are similar to those of other recent RPCA and teleconnection studies except that some less obvious patterns are identified and further detail of the better-known patterns is provided. Two north-south dipole patterns are found over the Pacific Ocean (West Pacific Oscillation and East Pacific pattern) and over the Atla...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Palaeolimnological evidence for an east-west climate see-saw in the Mediterranean since AD 900
Neil Roberts,Ana Moreno,Blas L. Valero-Garcés,Juan Pablo Corella,Matthew Jones,Samantha Allcock,Jessie Woodbridge,Mario Morellón,Juerg Luterbacher,Elena Xoplaki,Murat Türkeş +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored how the North Atlantic Oscillation and other atmospheric circulation modes operated over the longer timescales of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and Little Ice Age (LIA) and used high-resolution palaeolimnological evidence from opposite ends of the Mediterranean basin, supplemented by other palaeoclimate data, to track shifts in regional hydro-climatic conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climatic factors in the Atlantic control the oceanographic and ecological changes in the Baltic Sea
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used dynamic regression models to relate the response of the Baltic Sea salinity to hypothetical controlling factors: westerly winds, freshwater runoff, and, ultimately, the Northern Atlantic oscillation (NAO).
Journal ArticleDOI
Tropical air-sea interaction in general circulation models
J. D. Neelin,Mojib Latif,M. A. F. Allaart,Mark A. Cane,Ulrich Cubasch,W. L. Gates,Peter R. Gent,Michael Ghil,C. Gordon,Ngar-Cheung Lau,Carlos R. Mechoso,Gerald A. Meehl,Josef M. Oberhuber,S. G. H. Philander,Paul S. Schopf,Kenneth R. Sperber,K. R. Sterl,T. Tokioka,Joseph Tribbia,Stephen E. Zebiak +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an intercomparison of the tropical behavior of 17 coupled ocean-atmosphere models in which at least one component may be termed a general circulation model (GCM) is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Northern Hemisphere snow extent: regional variability 1972–1994
Allan Frei,David A. Robinson +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the kinematics and climatology of Northern Hemisphere snow extent between 1972 and 1994, and associated circulation patterns using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of digitized snow extent charts obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale circulation anomalies conducive to extreme precipitation events and derivation of daily rainfall in northeastern Mexico and southeastern Texas
TL;DR: In this paper, a self-organizing map (SOM) was used to classify the winter circulation and humidity fields into different patterns and then used as input to another neural network (feed-forward ANN) that captured over 60% of the daily rainfall variance over the region.
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