Journal ArticleDOI
Classification, seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns
TLDR
In this article, Orthogonally rotated principle component analysis (RPCA) was used to identify and describe the seasonality and persistence of the major modes of interannual variability.Abstract:
Orthogonally rotated principle component analysis (RPCA) of Northern Hemisphere 1-month mean 700 mb heights is used to identify and describe the seasonality and persistence of the major modes of interannual variability. The analysis is detailed and comprehensive, in that 1) a high resolution, approximately equal-area 358-point grid is used for the virtually maximum possible 35-year period of record, 2) a positive bias in the NMC data base in the early 1950s in the subtropics is largely eliminated for the first time, and 3) homogeneous, separate analyses of each month of the year are carried out, detailing the mouth-to-month changes in the dominant circulation patterns. Winter results are similar to those of other recent RPCA and teleconnection studies except that some less obvious patterns are identified and further detail of the better-known patterns is provided. Two north-south dipole patterns are found over the Pacific Ocean (West Pacific Oscillation and East Pacific pattern) and over the Atla...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A New North Atlantic Oscillation Index and Its Variability
LI Jianping,Julian X.L.Wang +1 more
TL;DR: A new North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, the NAOI, is defined as the dierences of normalized sea level pressures regionally zonal-averaged over a broad range of longitudes 80 W −30 E as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decadal Changes in the Atmospheric Circulation and Associated Surface Climate Variations in the Northern Hemisphere Winter
Masahiro Watanabe,Tsuyoshi Nitta +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated decadal-scale climate changes in the mid and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in winter 1989 by using various observational data for atmospheric parameters, sea surface temperature (SST), and snow cover.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of Tropical-Extratropical Teleconnections on Intraseasonal Time Scales
Cristiana Stan,David M. Straus,Jorgen S. Frederiksen,Hai Lin,Eric D. Maloney,Courtney Schumacher +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the observed characteristics of intraseasonal tropical-extratropical interactions and their associated mechanisms, identifies the significant gaps in this understanding, and recommends new research endeavors to address the remaining challenges.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatial-temporal rainfall simulation using generalized linear models
TL;DR: In this article, the problem of simulating sequences of daily rainfall at a network of sites in such a way as to reproduce a variety of properties realistically over a range of spatial scales is considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review on Northern Hemisphere sea-ice, storminess and the North Atlantic Oscillation: Observations and projected changes
Jürgen Bader,Michel D. S. Mesquita,Kevin I. Hodges,Noel Keenlyside,Svein Østerhus,Svein Østerhus,Martin W. Miles +6 more
TL;DR: A review of the current knowledge of the role of sea ice in the climate system is presented in this paper that examines both the current state of understanding, as regards the impacts of sea-ice loss observed to date, and climate model projections, to highlight hypothesised future changes and impacts on storm tracks and the North Atlantic Oscillation.
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