Complete genome sequence of the industrial bacterium Bacillus licheniformis and comparisons with closely related Bacillus species
Michael Rey,Preethi Ramaiya,Beth Nelson,Shari D Brody-Karpin,Elizabeth Zaretsky,Maria Tang,Alfredo Lopez de Leon,Henry Xiang,Veronica Gusti,Ib Groth Clausen,Ib Groth Clausen,Peter Bjarke Olsen,Michael Dolberg Rasmussen,Jens Tonne Andersen,Per Linå Jørgensen,Thomas Schou Larsen,Alexei Sorokin,Alexander Bolotin,Alla Lapidus,Alla Lapidus,Nathalie Galleron,S. Dusko Ehrlich,Randy M. Berka +22 more
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TLDR
Despite the unmistakable organizational similarities between the B. licheniformis and B. subtilis genomes, there are notable differences in the numbers and locations of prophages, transposable elements and a number of extracellular enzymes and secondary metabolic pathway operons that distinguish these species.Abstract:
Bacillus licheniformis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming soil bacterium that is used in the biotechnology industry to manufacture enzymes, antibiotics, biochemicals and consumer products. This species is closely related to the well studied model organism Bacillus subtilis, and produces an assortment of extracellular enzymes that may contribute to nutrient cycling in nature. We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the B. licheniformis ATCC 14580 genome which comprises a circular chromosome of 4,222,336 base-pairs (bp) containing 4,208 predicted protein-coding genes with an average size of 873 bp, seven rRNA operons, and 72 tRNA genes. The B. licheniformis chromosome contains large regions that are colinear with the genomes of B. subtilis and Bacillus halodurans, and approximately 80% of the predicted B. licheniformis coding sequences have B. subtilis orthologs. Despite the unmistakable organizational similarities between the B. licheniformis and B. subtilis genomes, there are notable differences in the numbers and locations of prophages, transposable elements and a number of extracellular enzymes and secondary metabolic pathway operons that distinguish these species. Differences include a region of more than 80 kilobases (kb) that comprises a cluster of polyketide synthase genes and a second operon of 38 kb encoding plipastatin synthase enzymes that are absent in the B. licheniformis genome. The availability of a completed genome sequence for B. licheniformis should facilitate the design and construction of improved industrial strains and allow for comparative genomics and evolutionary studies within this group of Bacillaceae.read more
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Biosynthesis of silver nanocrystals by Bacillus licheniformis.
Kalishwaralal Kalimuthu,Ramkumarpandian Suresh Babu,Deepak Venkataraman,Mohd. Bilal,Sangiliyandi Gurunathan +4 more
TL;DR: Using the bacterium Bacillus licheniformis, the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was investigated and the formation of well-dispersedsilver nanoparticles of 50 nm was revealed, and the presence of silver was confirmed by EDX analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative analysis of the complete genome sequence of the plant growth-promoting bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42.
Xiao-Hua Chen,Alexandra Koumoutsi,Romy Scholz,Andreas Eisenreich,Kathrin Schneider,Isabelle Heinemeyer,Burkhard Morgenstern,Björn Voss,Wolfgang R. Hess,Oleg N. Reva,Helmut Junge,Birgit Voigt,Peter R. Jungblut,Joachim Vater,Roderich D. Süssmuth,Heiko Liesegang,Axel Strittmatter,Gerhard Gottschalk,Rainer Borriss +18 more
TL;DR: The B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 genome reveals an unexpected potential to produce secondary metabolites, including the polyketides bacillaene and difficidin, and identifies four giant gene clusters absent in B. subtilis 168.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacillus As Potential Probiotics: Status, Concerns, and Future Perspectives.
TL;DR: The growing need to evaluate the safety of individual Bacillus strains as well as species on a case by case basis and necessity of more profound analysis for the selection and identification of Bacillus probiotic candidates are also taken into consideration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecology and genomics of Bacillus subtilis
TL;DR: The goal of identifying ecologically adaptive genes could soon be realized with the imminent release of several new B. subtilis genome sequences, and this work reviews what is currently known about the ecology and evolution of this species.
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