Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamics of a stressful encounter: Cognitive appraisal, coping, and encounter outcomes.
TLDR
In this paper, an intraindividual analysis of the interrelations among primary appraisal (what was at stake in the encounter), secondary appraisal (coping options), eight forms of problem-and emotion-focused coping, and encounter outcomes in a sample of community-residing adults was performed.Abstract:
Despite the importance that is attributed to coping as a factor in psychological and somatic health outcomes, little is known about actual coping processes, the variables that influence them, and their relation to the outcomes of the stressful encounters people experience in their day-to-day lives. This study uses an intraindividual analysis of the interrelations among primary appraisal (what was at stake in the encounter), secondary appraisal (coping options), eight forms of problem- and emotion-focused coping, and encounter outcomes in a sample of community-residing adults. Coping was strongly related to cognitive appraisal; the forms of coping that were used varied depending on what was at stake and the options for coping. Coping was also differentially related to satisfactory and unsatisfactory encounter outcomes. The findings clarify the functional relations among appraisal and coping variables and the outcomes of stressful encounters.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Prison to Society: A Mixed Methods Analysis of Coping With Reentry
Lindsay A. Phillips,Mary Lindsay +1 more
TL;DR: There is a defined process experienced by participants, which is initial optimism about release, followed by craving substances, facing practical barriers, and/or feeling overwhelmed, which results in avoidance of managing problems and emotions and substance abuse relapse, which culminates in recidivism.
Journal ArticleDOI
E-mail in the workplace: the role of stress appraisals and normative response pressure in the relationship between e-mail stressors and employee strain
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of potential e-mail stressors on emotional exhaustion as mediated and moderated by person and situation variables were studied. But the authors did not consider the effect of e-mails on emotional wellbeing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coping success and its relationship to psychological distress for older adults.
Alex J. Zautra,Amy B. Wrabetz +1 more
TL;DR: Coping efficacy interacted with coping efforts in predicting distress for those with health downturns; efficacy in coping was associated with less distress only for those who were actively engaged in coping.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychosocial predictors of outcome: time to relapse and survival in patients with early stage melanoma
TL;DR: Shorter survival duration was associated with a positive mood, the use of avoidance as a coping strategy, not being concerned with their disease and concern about the impact of the disease on family.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dealing with negative social exchanges in later life: coping responses, goals, and effectiveness.
Dara H. Sorkin,Karen S. Rook +1 more
TL;DR: The findings revealed that participants' coping responses and the effectiveness of these responses varied as a function of their coping goals, which underscores the importance of considering older adults' cope responses and goals when evaluating factors that affect the impact of negative social exchanges on well-being in later life.
References
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Book
Stress, appraisal, and coping
Richard S. Lazarus,Susan Folkman +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a detailed theory of psychological stress, building on the concepts of cognitive appraisal and coping, which have become major themes of theory and investigation in psychology.
Journal ArticleDOI
The structure of coping.
TL;DR: Results indicate that individuals' coping interventions are most effective when dealing with problems within the close interpersonal role areas of marriage and child-rearing and least effective when deals with the more impersonal problems found in occupation.
Journal ArticleDOI
An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample
Susan Folkman,Richard S. Lazarus +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the ways 100 community-residing men and women aged 45 to 64 coped with the stressful events of daily living during one year and found that coping conceptualized in either defensive or problem-solving terms is incomplete.
Journal ArticleDOI
If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination.
Susan Folkman,Richard S. Lazarus +1 more
TL;DR: This natural experiment provides substantial evidence for the following major themes, which are based on a cognitively oriented, process-centered theory of stress and coping: First, a stressful encounter should be viewed as a dynamic, unfolding process, not as a static, unitary event.
Related Papers (5)
If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination.
Susan Folkman,Richard S. Lazarus +1 more