Global cancer statistics, 2012
Lindsey A. Torre,Freddie Bray,Rebecca L. Siegel,Jacques Ferlay,Joannie Lortet-Tieulent,Ahmedin Jemal +5 more
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TLDR
A substantial portion of cancer cases and deaths could be prevented by broadly applying effective prevention measures, such as tobacco control, vaccination, and the use of early detection tests.Abstract:
Cancer constitutes an enormous burden on society in more and less economically developed countries alike. The occurrence of cancer is increasing because of the growth and aging of the population, as well as an increasing prevalence of established risk factors such as smoking, overweight, physical inactivity, and changing reproductive patterns associated with urbanization and economic development. Based on GLOBOCAN estimates, about 14.1 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million deaths occurred in 2012 worldwide. Over the years, the burden has shifted to less developed countries, which currently account for about 57% of cases and 65% of cancer deaths worldwide. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among males in both more and less developed countries, and has surpassed breast cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among females in more developed countries; breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death among females in less developed countries. Other leading causes of cancer death in more developed countries include colorectal cancer among males and females and prostate cancer among males. In less developed countries, liver and stomach cancer among males and cervical cancer among females are also leading causes of cancer death. Although incidence rates for all cancers combined are nearly twice as high in more developed than in less developed countries in both males and females, mortality rates are only 8% to 15% higher in more developed countries. This disparity reflects regional differences in the mix of cancers, which is affected by risk factors and detection practices, and/or the availability of treatment. Risk factors associated with the leading causes of cancer death include tobacco use (lung, colorectal, stomach, and liver cancer), overweight/obesity and physical inactivity (breast and colorectal cancer), and infection (liver, stomach, and cervical cancer). A substantial portion of cancer cases and deaths could be prevented by broadly applying effective prevention measures, such as tobacco control, vaccination, and the use of early detection tests.read more
Citations
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High PD-L1 expression was associated with poor prognosis in 870 Chinese patients with breast cancer.
Tao Qin,Yin Duo Zeng,Ge Qin,Fei Xu,Jia Bin Lu,Wenfeng Fang,Cong Xue,Jian Hua Zhan,Xin Ke Zhang,Qiu Fan Zheng,Rou Jun Peng,Zhong Yu Yuan,Li Zhang,S. Wang +13 more
TL;DR: The authors' data indicated that patients with high PD-L1 expression had poor DFS, DMFS and overall survival compared with those with no PD- L1 expression, and showed that PD- l1 was an independent prognostic factor for tumor prognosis.
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Resection of pancreatic cancer in Europe and USA: An international large-scale study highlighting large variations
Lei Huang,Lina Jansen,Yesilda Balavarca,Esther Molina-Montes,Masoud Babaei,Lydia G. M. van der Geest,Valery E.P.P. Lemmens,Liesbet Van Eycken,Harlinde De Schutter,T.B. Johannesen,Claus Cw Fristrup,Michael Bau Mortensen,Maja Primic-Žakelj,Vesna Zadnik,Nikolaus Becker,Thilo Hackert,Margit Mägi,Tiziana Cassetti,Romano Sassatelli,Robert Grützmann,Susanne Merkel,Ana Filipa Gonçalves,Maria José Bento,Péter Hegyi,Gábor Lakatos,Andrea Szentesi,Michel Moreau,Tony van de Velde,Annegien Broeks,Milena Sant,Pamela Minicozzi,Vincenzo Mazzaferro,Francisco X. Real,Alfredo Carrato,Xavier Molero,Marc G. Besselink,Núria Malats,Markus W. Büchler,Petra Schrotz-King,Hermann Brenner +39 more
TL;DR: Investigation of variations in resection for PaC in Europe and USA and determinants for its utilisation found rates of PaC resection remain low in European and USA with great international variations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic analysis of oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma identifies alcohol drinking-related mutation signature and genomic alterations.
Jiang Chang,Wenle Tan,Zhiqiang Ling,Ruibin Xi,Mingming Shao,Mengjie Chen,Yingying Luo,Yanjie Zhao,Yun Liu,Xian-Cong Huang,Yuchao Xia,Jinlin Hu,Joel S. Parker,David Marron,Qionghua Cui,Linna Peng,Jiahui Chu,Hongmin Li,Zhongli Du,Yaling Han,Wen Tan,Zhihua Liu,Qimin Zhan,Yun Li,Wei-Min Mao,Chen Wu,Dongxin Lin +26 more
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors used whole-genome sequencing of DNA and RNA in 94 Chinese individuals with oesophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) to identify six mutational signatures (E1-E6), and Signature E4 is unique in ESCC linked to alcohol intake and genetic variants in alcohol-metabolizing enzymes.
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Screening differential circular RNA expression profiles reveals hsa_circ_0004018 is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to determine the circRNA expression profile in HCC, and to investigate their clinical significances and relevant mechanisms for cancer progression, and found that hsa_circ_0004018 harbored HCC-stage-specific expression features in diverse chronic liver diseases.
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Prognostic Significance of CT-Determined Sarcopenia in Patients with Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
TL;DR: Sarcopenia as determined by CT could be used to predict prognosis in patients with SCLC and Optimum reference values to predict cancer-specific outcomes should be tailored by further studies.
References
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Jacques Ferlay,Isabelle Soerjomataram,Rajesh Dikshit,Sultan Eser,Colin Mathers,Marise Souto Rebelo,Donald Maxwell Parkin,David Forman,Freddie Bray +8 more
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Book
Cancer Incidence in Five Continents
Freddie Bray,J. Ferlay,Mathieu Laversanne,David H. Brewster,C. Gombe Mbalawa,B. Kohler,Marion Piñeros,Eva Steliarova-Foucher,Rajaraman Swaminathan,Sebastien Antoni,Isabelle Soerjomataram,David Forman +11 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening.
Denise R. Aberle,Amanda M. Adams,Christine D. Berg,William C. Black,Jonathan D. Clapp,Richard M. Fagerstrom,Ilana F. Gareen,Constantine Gatsonis,Pamela M. Marcus,JoRean D. Sicks +9 more
TL;DR: Screening with the use of low-dose CT reduces mortality from lung cancer, as compared with the radiography group, and the rate of death from any cause was reduced.