Journal ArticleDOI
Intercomparison, interpretation, and assessment of spring phenology in North America estimated from remote sensing for 1982-2006
Michael A. White,Kirsten M. de Beurs,Kamel Didan,David W. Inouye,Andrew D. Richardson,Olaf P. Jensen,John O'Keefe,G. Zhang,Ramakrishna R. Nemani,Willem J. D. van Leeuwen,Jesslyn F. Brown,Allard de Wit,Michael E. Schaepman,Xioamao Lin,Michael D. Dettinger,Amey S. Bailey,John S. Kimball,Mark D. Schwartz,Dennis D. Baldocchi,J. T. Lee,William K. Lauenroth +20 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors assess 10 start-of-spring (SOS) methods for North America between 1982 and 2006 and find that SOS estimates were more related to the first leaf and first flowers expanding phenological stages.Abstract:
Shifts in the timing of spring phenology are a central feature of global change research. Long-term observations of plant phenology have been used to track vegetation responses to climate variability but are often limited to particular species and locations and may not represent synoptic patterns. Satellite remote sensing is instead used for continental to global monitoring. Although numerous methods exist to extract phenological timing, in particular start-of-spring (SOS), from time series of reflectance data, a comprehensive intercomparison and interpretation of SOS methods has not been conducted. Here, we assess 10 SOS methods for North America between 1982 and 2006. The techniques include consistent inputs from the 8 km Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer NDVIg dataset, independent data for snow cover, soil thaw, lake ice dynamics, spring streamflow timing, over 16 000 individual measurements of ground-based phenology, and two temperature-driven models of spring phenology. Compared with an ensemble of the 10 SOS methods, we found that individual methods differed in average day-of-year estimates by � 60 days and in standard deviation by � 20 days. The ability of the satellite methods to retrieve SOS estimates was highest in northern latitudes and lowest in arid, tropical, and Mediterranean ecoregions. The ordinal rank of SOS methods varied geographically, as did the relationships between SOS estimates and the cryospheric/hydrologic metrics. Compared with ground observations, SOS estimates were more related to the first leaf and first flowers expanding phenological stages. We found no evidence for time trends in spring arrival from ground- or model-based data; using an ensemble estimate from two methods that were more closely related to ground observations than other methods, SOSread more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Tracking vegetation phenology across diverse North American biomes using PhenoCam imagery.
Andrew D. Richardson,Koen Hufkens,Tom Milliman,Donald M. Aubrecht,Min Chen,Josh M. Gray,Miriam R. Johnston,Trevor F. Keenan,Trevor F. Keenan,Stephen Klosterman,Margaret Kosmala,Eli K. Melaas,Mark A. Friedl,Stephen E. Frolking +13 more
TL;DR: A series of datasets, together consisting of almost 750 years of observations, characterizing vegetation phenology in diverse ecosystems across North America can be used for phenological model validation and development, evaluation of satellite remote sensing data products, benchmarking earth system models, and studies of climate change impacts on terrestrial ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detecting interannual variation in deciduous broadleaf forest phenology using Landsat TM/ETM+ data
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for characterizing both long-term average and interannual dynamics in the phenology of temperate deciduous broadleaf forests using multi-decadal time series of Landsat TM/ETM+ images is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale variations in the vegetation growing season and annual cycle of atmospheric CO2 at high northern latitudes from 1950 to 2011.
Jonathan Barichivich,Keith R. Briffa,Ranga B. Myneni,Timothy J. Osborn,Thomas M. Melvin,Philippe Ciais,Shilong Piao,Shilong Piao,Compton J. Tucker +8 more
TL;DR: The springtime extension of the photosynthetic and potential growing seasons has apparently stimulated earlier and stronger net CO(2) uptake by northern ecosystems, while the autumnal extension is associated with an earlier net release of CO( 2) to the atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature, precipitation, and insolation effects on autumn vegetation phenology in temperate China
Qiang Liu,Yongshuo H. Fu,Yongshuo H. Fu,Zhenzhong Zeng,Mengtian Huang,Xiran Li,Shilong Piao,Shilong Piao +7 more
TL;DR: The results confirmed the importance of temperature on phenological processes in autumn, and suggested that both precipitation and insolation should be considered to improve the performance of autumn phenology models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultra-fine grain landscape-scale quantification of dryland vegetation structure with drone-acquired structure-from-motion photogrammetry
TL;DR: In this article, a small, unpiloted aerial system was used to acquire aerial photographs and processing theses using structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Climate Change
TL;DR: Range-restricted species, particularly polar and mountaintop species, show severe range contractions and have been the first groups in which entire species have gone extinct due to recent climate change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity
Anthony L. Westerling,Anthony L. Westerling,Hugo G. Hidalgo,Daniel R. Cayan,Daniel R. Cayan,Thomas W. Swetnam +5 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
FLUXNET: A New Tool to Study the Temporal and Spatial Variability of Ecosystem-Scale Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor, and Energy Flux Densities
Dennis D. Baldocchi,Eva Falge,Lianhong Gu,Richard J. Olson,David Y. Hollinger,Steven W. Running,P. M. Anthoni,Ch. Bernhofer,Kenneth J. Davis,Robert G. Evans,Jose D. Fuentes,Allen H. Goldstein,Gabriel G. Katul,Beverly E. Law,Xuhui Lee,Yadvinder Malhi,Tilden P. Meyers,William Munger,Walter C. Oechel,Kim Pilegaard,Hans Peter Schmid,Riccardo Valentini,Shashi B. Verma,Timo Vesala,Kell B. Wilson,S. C. Wofsy +25 more
TL;DR: The FLUXNET project as mentioned in this paper is a global network of micrometeorological flux measurement sites that measure the exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy between the biosphere and atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
North american regional reanalysis
Fedor Mesinger,Geoff DiMego,Eugenia Kalnay,Kenneth E. Mitchell,Perry Shafran,Wesley Ebisuzaki,Dusan Jovic,John S. Woollen,Eric Rogers,Ernesto Hugo Berbery,Michael Ek,Yun Fan,Robert Grumbine,Wayne Higgins,Hong Li,Ying Lin,Geoff Manikin,David F. Parrish,Wei Shi +18 more
TL;DR: The North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) project as mentioned in this paper uses the NCEP Eta model and its Data Assimilation System (at 32-km-45-layer resolution with 3-hourly output) to capture regional hydrological cycle, the diurnal cycle and other important features of weather and climate variability.
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