Journal ArticleDOI
Intercomparison, interpretation, and assessment of spring phenology in North America estimated from remote sensing for 1982-2006
Michael A. White,Kirsten M. de Beurs,Kamel Didan,David W. Inouye,Andrew D. Richardson,Olaf P. Jensen,John O'Keefe,G. Zhang,Ramakrishna R. Nemani,Willem J. D. van Leeuwen,Jesslyn F. Brown,Allard de Wit,Michael E. Schaepman,Xioamao Lin,Michael D. Dettinger,Amey S. Bailey,John S. Kimball,Mark D. Schwartz,Dennis D. Baldocchi,J. T. Lee,William K. Lauenroth +20 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors assess 10 start-of-spring (SOS) methods for North America between 1982 and 2006 and find that SOS estimates were more related to the first leaf and first flowers expanding phenological stages.Abstract:
Shifts in the timing of spring phenology are a central feature of global change research. Long-term observations of plant phenology have been used to track vegetation responses to climate variability but are often limited to particular species and locations and may not represent synoptic patterns. Satellite remote sensing is instead used for continental to global monitoring. Although numerous methods exist to extract phenological timing, in particular start-of-spring (SOS), from time series of reflectance data, a comprehensive intercomparison and interpretation of SOS methods has not been conducted. Here, we assess 10 SOS methods for North America between 1982 and 2006. The techniques include consistent inputs from the 8 km Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer NDVIg dataset, independent data for snow cover, soil thaw, lake ice dynamics, spring streamflow timing, over 16 000 individual measurements of ground-based phenology, and two temperature-driven models of spring phenology. Compared with an ensemble of the 10 SOS methods, we found that individual methods differed in average day-of-year estimates by � 60 days and in standard deviation by � 20 days. The ability of the satellite methods to retrieve SOS estimates was highest in northern latitudes and lowest in arid, tropical, and Mediterranean ecoregions. The ordinal rank of SOS methods varied geographically, as did the relationships between SOS estimates and the cryospheric/hydrologic metrics. Compared with ground observations, SOS estimates were more related to the first leaf and first flowers expanding phenological stages. We found no evidence for time trends in spring arrival from ground- or model-based data; using an ensemble estimate from two methods that were more closely related to ground observations than other methods, SOSread more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Scaling up functional traits for ecosystem services with remote sensing: concepts and methods.
Oscar J. Abelleira Martínez,Oscar J. Abelleira Martínez,Oscar J. Abelleira Martínez,Alexander K. Fremier,Alexander K. Fremier,Sven Günter,Zayra Ramos Bendaña,Zayra Ramos Bendaña,Lee A. Vierling,Sara M. Galbraith,Sara M. Galbraith,Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez,Jenny C. Ordoñez,Jenny C. Ordoñez +13 more
TL;DR: It is shown that sampling methods for scaling up traits need to account for the modification of trait variation due to land cover change and species introductions, and narrows the gap between functional trait and remote sensing methods for ecosystem service management.
Book ChapterDOI
Remote Sensing Time Series Revealing Land Surface Dynamics: Status Quo and the Pathway Ahead
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of time series analysis can be found in this article, where the authors introduce currently orbiting optical, radar, and thermal infrared sensors and elucidate which of them are suitable for long-term monitoring tasks based on remote sensing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Urbanization and climate change jointly shift land surface phenology in the northern mid-latitude large cities
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effects of urbanization on the spatial patterns of land surface phenology by comparing phenological metrics, e.g., start of season (SOS) and end-of-season (EOS), between urban center and the surrounding rural regions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Greater deciduous shrub abundance extends tundra peak season and increases modeled net CO2 uptake
Shannan K. Sweet,Kevin L. Griffin,Kevin L. Griffin,Heidi Steltzer,Laura Gough,Natalie T. Boelman +5 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that greater deciduous shrub abundance increases carbon uptake not only due to greater leaf area, but also due to an extension of the period of peak greenness, which extends theperiod of maximum carbon uptake.
Journal ArticleDOI
Addressing the complexity in non-linear evolution of vegetation phenological change with time-series of remote sensing images
TL;DR: It is shown that linear regression limits the possibilities of assessing fluctuating ecosystem changes whereas the non-parametric Steadiness index more consistently confirms the fluctuating phenological change patterns.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Climate Change
TL;DR: Range-restricted species, particularly polar and mountaintop species, show severe range contractions and have been the first groups in which entire species have gone extinct due to recent climate change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity
Anthony L. Westerling,Anthony L. Westerling,Hugo G. Hidalgo,Daniel R. Cayan,Daniel R. Cayan,Thomas W. Swetnam +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that large wildfire activity increased suddenly and markedly in the mid-1980s, with higher large-wildfire frequency, longer wildfire durations, and longer wildfire seasons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991
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Journal ArticleDOI
FLUXNET: A New Tool to Study the Temporal and Spatial Variability of Ecosystem-Scale Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor, and Energy Flux Densities
Dennis D. Baldocchi,Eva Falge,Lianhong Gu,Richard J. Olson,David Y. Hollinger,Steven W. Running,P. M. Anthoni,Ch. Bernhofer,Kenneth J. Davis,Robert G. Evans,Jose D. Fuentes,Allen H. Goldstein,Gabriel G. Katul,Beverly E. Law,Xuhui Lee,Yadvinder Malhi,Tilden P. Meyers,William Munger,Walter C. Oechel,Kim Pilegaard,Hans Peter Schmid,Riccardo Valentini,Shashi B. Verma,Timo Vesala,Kell B. Wilson,S. C. Wofsy +25 more
TL;DR: The FLUXNET project as mentioned in this paper is a global network of micrometeorological flux measurement sites that measure the exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy between the biosphere and atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
North american regional reanalysis
Fedor Mesinger,Geoff DiMego,Eugenia Kalnay,Kenneth E. Mitchell,Perry Shafran,Wesley Ebisuzaki,Dusan Jovic,John S. Woollen,Eric Rogers,Ernesto Hugo Berbery,Michael Ek,Yun Fan,Robert Grumbine,Wayne Higgins,Hong Li,Ying Lin,Geoff Manikin,David F. Parrish,Wei Shi +18 more
TL;DR: The North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) project as mentioned in this paper uses the NCEP Eta model and its Data Assimilation System (at 32-km-45-layer resolution with 3-hourly output) to capture regional hydrological cycle, the diurnal cycle and other important features of weather and climate variability.
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