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Macrophage plasticity and interaction with lymphocyte subsets: cancer as a paradigm

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TLDR
A better understanding of the molecular basis of myelomonocytic cell plasticity will open new vistas in immunopathology and therapeutic intervention and provide a paradigm for macrophage plasticity and function.
Abstract
Plasticity is a hallmark of cells of the myelomonocytic lineage. In response to innate recognition or signals from lymphocyte subsets, mononuclear phagocytes undergo adaptive responses. Shaping of monocyte-macrophage function is an essential component of resistance to pathogens, tissue damage and repair. The orchestration of myelomonocytic cell function is a key element that links inflammation and cancer and provides a paradigm for macrophage plasticity and function. A better understanding of the molecular basis of myelomonocytic cell plasticity will open new vistas in immunopathology and therapeutic intervention.

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Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation.

TL;DR: Recognition of the widespread applicability of these concepts will increasingly affect the development of new means to treat human cancer.
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Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis.

TL;DR: The paradoxical roles of the tumor microenvironment during specific stages of cancer progression and metastasis are discussed, as well as recent therapeutic attempts to re-educate stromal cells within the TME to have anti-tumorigenic effects.
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Macrophage plasticity and polarization: in vivo veritas

TL;DR: The identification of mechanisms and molecules associated with macrophage plasticity and polarized activation provides a basis for Macrophage-centered diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Protective and pathogenic functions of macrophage subsets

TL;DR: The four stages of orderly inflammation mediated by macrophages are discussed: recruitment to tissues; differentiation and activation in situ; conversion to suppressive cells; and restoration of tissue homeostasis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Cancer-related inflammation.

TL;DR: The molecular pathways of this cancer-related inflammation are now being unravelled, resulting in the identification of new target molecules that could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment.
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Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation.

TL;DR: This Review suggests a new grouping of macrophages based on three different homeostatic activities — host defence, wound healing and immune regulation, and proposes that similarly to primary colours, these three basic macrophage populations can blend into various other 'shades' of activation.
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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system.

TL;DR: The origin, mechanisms of expansion and suppressive functions of MDSCs, as well as the potential to target these cells for therapeutic benefit are discussed.
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The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization.

TL;DR: Recent evidence suggests that differential modulation of the chemokine system integrates polarized macrophages in pathways of resistance to, or promotion of, microbial pathogens and tumors, or immunoregulation, tissue repair and remodeling.
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