Monoamine oxidase: from genes to behavior.
Jean C. Shih,K. Chen,M. J. Ridd +2 more
TLDR
MAO A and B knock-out mice are valuable models for investigating the role of monoamines in psychoses and neurodegenerative and stress-related disorders and show increased reactivity to stress.Abstract:
Cloning of MAO (monoamine oxidase) A and B has demonstrated unequivocally that these enzymes are made up of different polypeptides, and our understanding of MAO structure, regulation, and function has been significantly advanced by studies using their cDNA. MAO A and B genes are located on the X-chromosome (Xp11.23) and comprise 15 exons with identical intron-exon organization, which suggests that they are derived from the same ancestral gene. MAO A and B knock-out mice exhibit distinct differences in neurotransmitter metabolism and behavior. MAO A knock-out mice have elevated brain levels of serotonin, norephinephrine, and dopamine and manifest aggressive behavior similar to human males with a deletion of MAO A. In contrast, MAO B knock-out mice do not exhibit aggression and only levels of phenylethylamine are increased. Mice lacking MAO B are resistant to the Parkinsongenic neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetra-hydropyridine. Both MAO A and B knock-out mice show increased reactivity to stress. These knock-out mice are valuable models for investigating the role of monoamines in psychoses and neurodegenerative and stress-related disorders.read more
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Dissertation
The role of emotional intelligence and a functional polymorphism in the MAO-A gene on aggression in humans
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of genetic and environmental factors on two subtypes of aggression, namely reactive and proactive aggression, was investigated, and the role of emotional intelligence as a specific environmental factor influencing aggression was discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonselective inhibition of monoamine oxidases A and B by activators of soluble guanylate cyclase.
I. S. Severina,L. N. Axenova,Alexander V. Veselovsky,N. V. Pyatakova,Olga Buneeva,Andrew Ivanov,Alexei Medvedev +6 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that nonselective inhibition of MAO A and MAO B by benzodifuroxan and 7-NBTDO can be attributed to the properties of the chemical structures of these compounds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative analysis of monoamine oxidase intronic polymorphisms in primates.
TL;DR: The MAin2 and MBin2 regions were amplified in a total of 37 species from all primate lineages, including samples from 6 simian and 7 prosimian species, and were successfully amplified for all the simian species but failed to amplify in the prosimians.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monoamine Oxidase as a Potential Biomarker of the Efficacy of Treatment of Mental Disorders
TL;DR: In this paper, a review summarizes the results of own studies and published data on the biological markers of psychiatric disorders, with special emphasis on the activity of platelet monoamine oxidase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
TL;DR: Forty-nine monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)-related patents published between January 1998 and July 2002 are included in this review.
References
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Some observations upon a new inhibitor of monoamine oxidase in brain tissue.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that in the enzyme prepared, the MAO is a binary system of enzymes each of which has a detectably different sensitivity to this particular inhibitor, is put forward and evidence after dialysis supports this hypothesis.
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Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A
TL;DR: Analytical results indicate that isolated complete MAOA deficiency in this family is associated with a recognizable behavioral phenotype that includes disturbed regulation of impulsive aggression.
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Aggressive Behavior and Altered Amounts of Brain Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Mice Lacking MAOA
Olivier Cases,Isabelle Seif,Joseph Grimsby,Patricia Gaspar,Kevin Chen,Sandrine Pournin,Ulrike Müller,Michel Aguet,Charles Babinet,Jean C. Shih,Edward De Maeyer +10 more
TL;DR: Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine, and adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.