Monoamine oxidase: from genes to behavior.
Jean C. Shih,K. Chen,M. J. Ridd +2 more
TLDR
MAO A and B knock-out mice are valuable models for investigating the role of monoamines in psychoses and neurodegenerative and stress-related disorders and show increased reactivity to stress.Abstract:
Cloning of MAO (monoamine oxidase) A and B has demonstrated unequivocally that these enzymes are made up of different polypeptides, and our understanding of MAO structure, regulation, and function has been significantly advanced by studies using their cDNA. MAO A and B genes are located on the X-chromosome (Xp11.23) and comprise 15 exons with identical intron-exon organization, which suggests that they are derived from the same ancestral gene. MAO A and B knock-out mice exhibit distinct differences in neurotransmitter metabolism and behavior. MAO A knock-out mice have elevated brain levels of serotonin, norephinephrine, and dopamine and manifest aggressive behavior similar to human males with a deletion of MAO A. In contrast, MAO B knock-out mice do not exhibit aggression and only levels of phenylethylamine are increased. Mice lacking MAO B are resistant to the Parkinsongenic neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetra-hydropyridine. Both MAO A and B knock-out mice show increased reactivity to stress. These knock-out mice are valuable models for investigating the role of monoamines in psychoses and neurodegenerative and stress-related disorders.read more
Citations
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Targeting histone lysine demethylases — Progress, challenges, and the future
Cyrille C. Thinnes,Katherine S. England,Akane Kawamura,Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury,Christopher J. Schofield,Richard J. Hopkinson +5 more
TL;DR: An introduction to the enzymology of the KDMs and the therapeutic possibilities and challenges associated with targeting them are provided, followed by a review of reported KDM inhibitors and their mechanisms of action from kinetic and structural perspectives.
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Distribution of Monoamine Oxidase Proteins in Human Brain: Implications for Brain Imaging Studies
Junchao Tong,Jeffrey H. Meyer,Yoshiaki Furukawa,Isabelle Boileau,Li-Jan Chang,Alan A. Wilson,Sylvain Houle,Stephen J. Kish +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured regional distribution (n=38) and developmental/aging changes (21 hours to 99 years) of both monoamine oxidases by quantitative immunoblotting in autopsied normal human brain.
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Mitochondria and cardioprotection
TL;DR: A reduced rate of ATP hydrolysis and a slight increase in ROS formation appear to represent the prevailing components of self-defense mechanisms, especially in the case of ischemic preconditioning.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monoamine oxidase A mediates prostate tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis
Jason Boyang Wu,Chen Shao,Xiangyan Li,Qinlong Li,Peizhen Hu,Changhong Shi,Yang Li,Yi-Ting Chen,Fei Yin,Chun-Peng Liao,Bangyan L. Stiles,Haiyen E. Zhau,Jean C. Shih,Leland W.K. Chung +13 more
TL;DR: Findings suggest that MAOA has potential as a therapeutic target in PCa and functions to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stabilize the transcription factor HIF1α, which mediates hypoxia through an elevation of ROS, thus enhancing growth, invasiveness, and metastasis of PCa cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
A sensitive two-photon probe to selectively detect monoamine oxidase B activity in Parkinson’s disease models
Lin Li,Chengwu Zhang,Grace Y. J. Chen,Biwei Zhu,Chou Chai,Qing-Hua Xu,Eng-King Tan,Qing Zhu,Kah-Leong Lim,Shao Q. Yao +9 more
TL;DR: The first two-photon, small molecule fluorogenic probe (U1) that enables highly sensitive/specific and real-time imaging of endogenous MAO-B activities across biological samples is reported, and the reported inverse relationship between parkin and MAo-B in PD models is confirmed.
References
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Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A
TL;DR: Analytical results indicate that isolated complete MAOA deficiency in this family is associated with a recognizable behavioral phenotype that includes disturbed regulation of impulsive aggression.
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Aggressive Behavior and Altered Amounts of Brain Serotonin and Norepinephrine in Mice Lacking MAOA
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TL;DR: Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine, and adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.