Planck intermediate results. XXIII. Galactic plane emission components derived from Planck with ancillary data
Peter A. R. Ade,Nabila Aghanim,M. I. R. Alves,M. Arnaud,M. Ashdown,Fernando Atrio-Barandela,Jonathan Aumont,Carlo Baccigalupi,A. J. Banday,R. B. Barreiro,E. Battaner,Karim Benabed,A. Benoit-Lévy,J.-P. Bernard,Marco Bersanelli,Marco Bersanelli,P. Bielewicz,Jérôme Bobin,Anna Bonaldi,J. R. Bond,F. R. Bouchet,F. Boulanger,Carlo Burigana,Carlo Burigana,Jean-François Cardoso,A. Catalano,A. Chamballu,H. C. Chiang,H. C. Chiang,P. R. Christensen,David L. Clements,Stéphane Colombi,L. P. L. Colombo,L. P. L. Colombo,C. Combet,F. Couchot,B. P. Crill,F. Cuttaia,Luigi Danese,R. D. Davies,R. J. Davis,P. de Bernardis,A. de Rosa,G. de Zotti,G. de Zotti,J. Delabrouille,Clive Dickinson,Jose M. Diego,S. Donzelli,O. Doré,M. Douspis,X. Dupac,George Efstathiou,Torsten A. Enßlin,H. K. Eriksen,Fabio Finelli,Olivier Forni,M. Frailis,E. Franceschi,S. Galeotta,K. Ganga,Ricardo Génova-Santos,Tuhin Ghosh,M. Giard,G. Giardino,Y. Giraud-Héraud,J. González-Nuevo,J. González-Nuevo,K. M. Górski,K. M. Górski,A. Gregorio,A. Gregorio,Alessandro Gruppuso,F. K. Hansen,D. L. Harrison,Sophie Henrot-Versille,D. Herranz,S. R. Hildebrandt,E. Hivon,Michael P. Hobson,Allan Hornstrup,W. Hovest,Kevin M. Huffenberger,Andrew H. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,W. C. Jones,E. Keihänen,Reijo Keskitalo,Reijo Keskitalo,Theodore Kisner,R. Kneissl,R. Kneissl,J. Knoche,M. Kunz,Hannu Kurki-Suonio,Hannu Kurki-Suonio,Guilaine Lagache,Anne Lähteenmäki,Anne Lähteenmäki,J.-M. Lamarre,Anthony Lasenby,Charles R. Lawrence,R. Leonardi,Michele Liguori,P. B. Lilje,M. Linden-Vørnle,M. López-Caniego,Philip Lubin,J. F. Macías-Pérez,Davide Maino,Davide Maino,N. Mandolesi,N. Mandolesi,N. Mandolesi,Peter G. Martin,E. Martínez-González,Silvia Masi,Marcella Massardi,Sabino Matarrese,Pasquale Mazzotta,Peter Meinhold,Alessandro Melchiorri,L. Mendes,A. Mennella,A. Mennella,M. Migliaccio,Subhabrata Mitra,Subhabrata Mitra,Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschenes,A. Moneti,L. Montier,Gianluca Morgante,Daniel J. Mortlock,Dipak Munshi,J. A. Murphy,Pavel Naselsky,Federico Nati,Paolo Natoli,Paolo Natoli,Paolo Natoli,Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen,F. Noviello,Dmitry Novikov,I. D. Novikov,Carol Anne Oxborrow,L. Pagano,F. Pajot,Roberta Paladini,Daniela Paoletti,Fabio Pasian,T. J. Pearson,Michael W. Peel,O. Perdereau,Francesca Perrotta,F. Piacentini,M. Piat,Elena Pierpaoli,Davide Pietrobon,Stéphane Plaszczynski,E. Pointecouteau,G. Polenta,G. Polenta,N. Ponthieu,L. Popa,G. W. Pratt,Simon Prunet,J.-L. Puget,Jörg P. Rachen,Jörg P. Rachen,William T. Reach,Rafael Rebolo,Rafael Rebolo,W. Reich,Martin Reinecke,Mathieu Remazeilles,C. Renault,S. Ricciardi,T. Riller,I. Ristorcelli,Graca Rocha,C. Rosset,G. Roudier,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Ben Rusholme,M. Sandri,Giorgio Savini,Douglas Scott,Locke D. Spencer,V. Stolyarov,V. Stolyarov,Andrew W. Strong,D. Sutton,A.-S. Suur-Uski,A.-S. Suur-Uski,J.-F. Sygnet,J. A. Tauber,D. Tavagnacco,D. Tavagnacco,Luca Terenzi,Christopher Tibbs,L. Toffolatti,L. Toffolatti,M. Tomasi,M. Tristram,M. Tucci,Luca Valenziano,Jussi Valiviita,Jussi Valiviita,Jussi Valiviita,B. Van Tent,Jussi Varis,P. Vielva,F. Villa,Lawrence A. Wade,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Robert A. Watson,D. Yvon,Andrea Zacchei,Andrea Zonca +219 more
TLDR
In this article, the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the four emission components are identified by constructing spectral energy distribution at position along the Galactic plane using the wide frequency coverage of 28.4−857 GHz in combination with low-frequency radio data at 23−94 GHz, along with far-infrared (FIR) data from COBE-DIRBE and IRAS.Abstract:
Planck data when combined with ancillary data provide a unique opportunity to separate the diffuse emission components of the inner Galaxy. The purpose of the paper is to elucidate the morphology of the various emission components in the strong star-formation region lying inside the solar radius and to clarify the relationship between the various components. The region of the Galactic plane covered is l = 300° → 0° →
60° wherestar-formation is highest and the emission is strong enough to make meaningful component separation. The latitude widths in this longitude range lie between 1° and 2°, which correspond to FWHM
z-widths of 100−200 pc at a typical
distance of 6 kpc. The four emission components studied here are synchrotron, free-free,
anomalous microwave emission (AME), and thermal (vibrational) dust emission. These
components are identified by constructing spectral energy distributions (SEDs) at
positions along the Galactic plane using the wide frequency coverage of
Planck (28.4−857 GHz) in combination with low-frequency radio data at
0.408−2.3 GHz plus WMAP data
at 23−94 GHz, along with
far-infrared (FIR) data from COBE-DIRBE and IRAS. The free-free component is determined
from radio recombination line (RRL) data. AME is found to be comparable in brightness to
the free-free emission on the Galactic plane in the frequency range 20−40 GHz with a width in latitude similar to
that of the thermal dust; it comprises 45 ±
1% of the total 28.4 GHz emission in the longitude range
l = 300° → 0° →
60°. The free-free component is the narrowest, reflecting the fact that
it is produced by current star-formation as traced by the narrow distribution of OB stars.
It is the dominant emission on the plane between 60 and 100 GHz. RRLs from this ionized
gas are used to assess its distance, leading to a free-free z-width of FWHM
≈ 100 pc. The
narrow synchrotron component has a low-frequency brightness spectral index βsynch ≈ −2.7
that is similar to the broad synchrotron component indicating that they are both populated
by the cosmic ray electrons of the same spectral index. The width of this narrow
synchrotron component is significantly larger than that of the other three components,
suggesting that it is generated in an assembly of older supernova remnants that have
expanded to sizes of order 150 pc in 3 ×
105 yr; pulsars of a similar age have a similar spread in
latitude. The thermal dust is identified in the SEDs with average parameters of
Tdust = 20.4 ±
0.4 K, βFIR = 1.94 ± 0.03 (> 353 GHz), and βmm = 1.67 ±
0.02 (<
353 GHz). The latitude distributions of gamma-rays, CO, and the
emission in high-frequency Planck bands have similar widths, showing that
they are all indicators of the total gaseous matter on the plane in the inner Galaxy.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Planck 2015 results - X. Diffuse component separation: Foreground maps
R. Adam,Peter A. R. Ade,Nabila Aghanim,M. I. R. Alves,M. I. R. Alves,M. I. R. Alves,Monique Arnaud,M. Ashdown,J. Aumont,Carlo Baccigalupi,A. J. Banday,A. J. Banday,R. B. Barreiro,James G. Bartlett,N. Bartolo,N. Bartolo,E. Battaner,K. Benabed,Alain Benoit,A. Benoit-Lévy,A. Benoit-Lévy,J.-P. Bernard,J.-P. Bernard,Marco Bersanelli,P. Bielewicz,P. Bielewicz,J. J. Bock,Anna Bonaldi,Laura Bonavera,J. R. Bond,Julian Borrill,Julian Borrill,François R. Bouchet,Francois Boulanger,M. Bucher,Carlo Burigana,Carlo Burigana,R. C. Butler,Erminia Calabrese,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,A. Catalano,A. Catalano,Anthony Challinor,A. Chamballu,A. Chamballu,A. Chamballu,R.-R. Chary,H. C. Chiang,P. R. Christensen,David L. Clements,Stéphane Colombi,L. P. L. Colombo,C. Combet,F. Couchot,A. Coulais,B. P. Crill,A. Curto,F. Cuttaia,Luigi Danese,R. D. Davies,R. J. Davis,P. de Bernardis,A. de Rosa,G. de Zotti,G. de Zotti,Jacques Delabrouille,F.-X. Désert,Clive Dickinson,Jose M. Diego,H. Dole,H. Dole,S. Donzelli,Olivier Doré,Marian Douspis,A. Ducout,X. Dupac,George Efstathiou,F. Elsner,F. Elsner,Torsten A. Enßlin,H. K. Eriksen,E. Falgarone,James R. Fergusson,Fabio Finelli,Olivier Forni,Olivier Forni,M. Frailis,A. A. Fraisse,E. Franceschi,A. Frejsel,S. Galeotta,S. Galli,K. Ganga,Tuhin Ghosh,M. Giard,M. Giard,Y. Giraud-Héraud,E. Gjerløw,J. González-Nuevo,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Serge Gratton,A. Gregorio,A. Gregorio,Alessandro Gruppuso,Jon E. Gudmundsson,F. K. Hansen,Duncan Hanson,Duncan Hanson,Duncan Hanson,D. L. Harrison,George Helou,Sophie Henrot-Versille,C. Hernández-Monteagudo,D. Herranz,S. R. Hildebrandt,E. Hivon,Michael P. Hobson,W. A. Holmes,Allan Hornstrup,W. Hovest,Kevin M. Huffenberger,G. Hurier,Andrew H. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,W. C. Jones,Mika Juvela,E. Keihänen,Reijo Keskitalo,Theodore Kisner,R. Kneissl,J. Knoche,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Hannu Kurki-Suonio,Guilaine Lagache,Guilaine Lagache,Anne Lähteenmäki,Anne Lähteenmäki,J.-M. Lamarre,Anthony Lasenby,Massimiliano Lattanzi,Charles R. Lawrence,M. Le Jeune,J. P. Leahy,R. Leonardi,J. Lesgourgues,J. Lesgourgues,François Levrier,Michele Liguori,Michele Liguori,P. B. Lilje,M. Linden-Vørnle,M. López-Caniego,Philip Lubin,J. F. Macías-Pérez,Gianmarco Maggio,Davide Maino,N. Mandolesi,N. Mandolesi,A. Mangilli,A. Mangilli,Michele Maris,D. J. Marshall,Peter G. Martin,E. Martínez-González,Silvia Masi,Sabino Matarrese,Sabino Matarrese,P. M. McGehee,Peter Meinhold,Alessandro Melchiorri,L. Mendes,A. Mennella,M. Migliaccio,Subhasish Mitra,Subhasish Mitra,Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschênes,Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschênes,A. Moneti,L. Montier,L. Montier,Gianluca Morgante,Daniel J. Mortlock,Adam Moss,Dipak Munshi,J. A. Murphy,Pavel Naselsky,Federico Nati,Paolo Natoli,Paolo Natoli,Calvin B. Netterfield,Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen,F. Noviello,Dmitry Novikov,I. D. Novikov,E. Orlando,Carol Anne Oxborrow,F. Paci,L. Pagano,F. Pajot,Roberta Paladini,Daniela Paoletti,B. Partridge,Fabio Pasian,G. Patanchon,T. J. Pearson,O. Perdereau,L. Perotto,Francesca Perrotta,Valeria Pettorino,F. Piacentini,M. Piat,Elena Pierpaoli,Davide Pietrobon,Stéphane Plaszczynski,Etienne Pointecouteau,Etienne Pointecouteau,G. Polenta,G. Polenta,G. W. Pratt,G. Prézeau,Simon Prunet,J.-L. Puget,Jörg P. Rachen,Jörg P. Rachen,William T. Reach,Rafael Rebolo,Rafael Rebolo,Martin Reinecke,Mathieu Remazeilles,Mathieu Remazeilles,Mathieu Remazeilles,C. Renault,A. Renzi,I. Ristorcelli,I. Ristorcelli,Graca Rocha,C. Rosset,M. Rossetti,G. Roudier,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Ben Rusholme,M. Sandri,D. Santos,M. Savelainen,Giorgio Savini,Douglas Scott,M. D. Seiffert,E. P. S. Shellard,Locke D. Spencer,V. Stolyarov,Radek Stompor,Andrew W. Strong,R. V. Sudiwala,R. A. Sunyaev,R. A. Sunyaev,D. Sutton,A.-S. Suur-Uski,J.-F. Sygnet,J. A. Tauber,Luca Terenzi,L. Toffolatti,M. Tomasi,Matthieu Tristram,M. Tucci,J. Tuovinen,G. Umana,Luca Valenziano,Jussi Valiviita,F. Van Tent,P. Vielva,F. Villa,Lawrence A. Wade,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Ingunn Kathrine Wehus,Althea Wilkinson,D. Yvon,A. Zacchei,Andrea Zonca +284 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the problem of diffuse astrophysical component separation, and process these maps within a Bayesian framework to derive an internally consistent set of full-sky astrophysical components maps.
Journal ArticleDOI
Planck 2015 results - XXV. Diffuse low-frequency Galactic foregrounds
Peter A. R. Ade,Nabila Aghanim,M. I. R. Alves,M. I. R. Alves,M. I. R. Alves,M. Arnaud,M. Ashdown,J. Aumont,Carlo Baccigalupi,A. J. Banday,A. J. Banday,R. B. Barreiro,James G. Bartlett,James G. Bartlett,N. Bartolo,N. Bartolo,E. Battaner,K. Benabed,Alain Benoit,A. Benoit-Lévy,A. Benoit-Lévy,J.-P. Bernard,J.-P. Bernard,Marco Bersanelli,Marco Bersanelli,P. Bielewicz,P. Bielewicz,J. J. Bock,Anna Bonaldi,Laura Bonavera,J. R. Bond,Julian Borrill,Julian Borrill,François R. Bouchet,Francois Boulanger,M. Bucher,Carlo Burigana,Carlo Burigana,R. C. Butler,Erminia Calabrese,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,A. Catalano,A. Catalano,Anthony Challinor,A. Chamballu,A. Chamballu,A. Chamballu,R.-R. Chary,H. C. Chiang,H. C. Chiang,P. R. Christensen,Stéphane Colombi,L. P. L. Colombo,L. P. L. Colombo,C. Combet,F. Couchot,A. Coulais,B. P. Crill,A. Curto,F. Cuttaia,Luigi Danese,R. D. Davies,R. J. Davis,P. de Bernardis,A. de Rosa,G. de Zotti,G. de Zotti,Jacques Delabrouille,J.-M. Delouis,F.-X. Désert,Clive Dickinson,Jose M. Diego,H. Dole,H. Dole,S. Donzelli,Olivier Doré,Marian Douspis,A. Ducout,A. Ducout,X. Dupac,George Efstathiou,F. Elsner,F. Elsner,Torsten A. Enßlin,H. K. Eriksen,E. Falgarone,James R. Fergusson,Fabio Finelli,Olivier Forni,Olivier Forni,M. Frailis,A. A. Fraisse,E. Franceschi,A. Frejsel,S. Galeotta,S. Galli,K. Ganga,Tuhin Ghosh,M. Giard,M. Giard,Y. Giraud-Héraud,E. Gjerløw,J. González-Nuevo,J. González-Nuevo,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Serge Gratton,A. Gregorio,A. Gregorio,Alessandro Gruppuso,Jon E. Gudmundsson,Jon E. Gudmundsson,Jon E. Gudmundsson,F. K. Hansen,Duncan Hanson,Duncan Hanson,Duncan Hanson,D. L. Harrison,George Helou,Sophie Henrot-Versille,C. Hernández-Monteagudo,D. Herranz,S. R. Hildebrandt,E. Hivon,Michael P. Hobson,W. A. Holmes,Allan Hornstrup,W. Hovest,Kevin M. Huffenberger,G. Hurier,Andrew H. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,W. C. Jones,Mika Juvela,E. Keihänen,Reijo Keskitalo,Theodore Kisner,R. Kneissl,R. Kneissl,J. Knoche,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Hannu Kurki-Suonio,Guilaine Lagache,Guilaine Lagache,Anne Lähteenmäki,Anne Lähteenmäki,J.-M. Lamarre,Anthony Lasenby,Massimiliano Lattanzi,Charles R. Lawrence,J. P. Leahy,R. Leonardi,J. Lesgourgues,J. Lesgourgues,François Levrier,Michele Liguori,Michele Liguori,P. B. Lilje,M. Linden-Vørnle,M. López-Caniego,M. López-Caniego,Philip Lubin,J. F. Macías-Pérez,Gianmarco Maggio,Davide Maino,Davide Maino,N. Mandolesi,N. Mandolesi,A. Mangilli,A. Mangilli,Michele Maris,D. J. Marshall,Peter G. Martin,E. Martínez-González,Silvia Masi,Sabino Matarrese,Sabino Matarrese,P. M. McGehee,Peter Meinhold,Alessandro Melchiorri,L. Mendes,A. Mennella,A. Mennella,M. Migliaccio,Subhasish Mitra,Subhasish Mitra,Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschênes,Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschênes,A. Moneti,L. Montier,L. Montier,Gianluca Morgante,Daniel J. Mortlock,Adam Moss,Dipak Munshi,J. A. Murphy,Federico Nati,Paolo Natoli,Paolo Natoli,Calvin B. Netterfield,Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen,F. Noviello,Dmitry Novikov,I. D. Novikov,I. D. Novikov,E. Orlando,Carol Anne Oxborrow,F. Paci,L. Pagano,F. Pajot,Roberta Paladini,Daniela Paoletti,B. Partridge,Fabio Pasian,G. Patanchon,T. J. Pearson,Michael W. Peel,O. Perdereau,L. Perotto,Francesca Perrotta,Valeria Pettorino,F. Piacentini,M. Piat,Elena Pierpaoli,Davide Pietrobon,Stéphane Plaszczynski,Etienne Pointecouteau,Etienne Pointecouteau,G. Polenta,G. Polenta,G. W. Pratt,G. Prézeau,Simon Prunet,J.-L. Puget,Jörg P. Rachen,William T. Reach,Rafael Rebolo,Rafael Rebolo,M. Reinecke,Mathieu Remazeilles,Mathieu Remazeilles,Mathieu Remazeilles,C. Renault,A. Renzi,I. Ristorcelli,I. Ristorcelli,Graca Rocha,C. Rosset,M. Rossetti,M. Rossetti,G. Roudier,G. Roudier,G. Roudier,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Ben Rusholme,M. Sandri,D. Santos,M. Savelainen,Giorgio Savini,Douglas Scott,M. D. Seiffert,E. P. S. Shellard,Locke D. Spencer,V. Stolyarov,V. Stolyarov,V. Stolyarov,Radek Stompor,Andrew W. Strong,R. V. Sudiwala,R. A. Sunyaev,D. Sutton,A.-S. Suur-Uski,J.-F. Sygnet,J. A. Tauber,Luca Terenzi,Luca Terenzi,L. Toffolatti,L. Toffolatti,L. Toffolatti,M. Tomasi,M. Tomasi,M. Tristram,M. Tucci,J. Tuovinen,G. Umana,Luca Valenziano,Jussi-Pekka Väliviita,F. Van Tent,Matias Vidal,P. Vielva,Fabrizio Villa,Lawrence A. Wade,B. D. Wandelt,B. D. Wandelt,Robert A. Watson,Ingunn Kathrine Wehus,Ingunn Kathrine Wehus,Althea Wilkinson,D. Yvon,Andrea Zacchei,Andrea Zonca +306 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the Galactic foreground emission between 20 and 100 GHz based on observations by Planck and WMAP, and identify a number of new faint features in the polarized sky, including a dearth of polarized synchrotron emission directly correlated with a narrow, roughly 20deg long filament seen in Hα at high latitude.
Journal ArticleDOI
Planck intermediate results. XLII. Large-scale Galactic magnetic fields
R. Adam,Peter A. R. Ade,M. I. R. Alves,M. I. R. Alves,M. I. R. Alves,M. Ashdown,J. Aumont,Carlo Baccigalupi,A. J. Banday,A. J. Banday,R. B. Barreiro,N. Bartolo,E. Battaner,K. Benabed,A. Benoit-Lévy,A. Benoit-Lévy,J.-P. Bernard,J.-P. Bernard,Marco Bersanelli,Marco Bersanelli,P. Bielewicz,P. Bielewicz,Laura Bonavera,J. R. Bond,Julian Borrill,Julian Borrill,François R. Bouchet,Francois Boulanger,M. Bucher,Carlo Burigana,Carlo Burigana,R. C. Butler,Erminia Calabrese,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,A. Catalano,A. Catalano,H. C. Chiang,H. C. Chiang,P. R. Christensen,L. P. L. Colombo,L. P. L. Colombo,C. Combet,F. Couchot,B. P. Crill,A. Curto,F. Cuttaia,Luigi Danese,R. J. Davis,P. de Bernardis,A. De Rosa,G. de Zotti,G. de Zotti,Jacques Delabrouille,Clive Dickinson,Jose M. Diego,Klaus Dolag,Olivier Doré,A. Ducout,A. Ducout,X. Dupac,Franz Elsner,Franz Elsner,Torsten A. Enßlin,H. K. Eriksen,Katia Ferrière,Katia Ferrière,Fabio Finelli,Olivier Forni,Olivier Forni,M. Frailis,A. A. Fraisse,E. Franceschi,S. Galeotta,K. Ganga,Tuhin Ghosh,M. Giard,M. Giard,E. Gjerløw,J. González-Nuevo,J. González-Nuevo,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Anna Gregorio,Anna Gregorio,Alessandro Gruppuso,Jon E. Gudmundsson,Jon E. Gudmundsson,Jon E. Gudmundsson,F. K. Hansen,D. L. Harrison,C. Hernández-Monteagudo,D. Herranz,S. R. Hildebrandt,Michael P. Hobson,Allan Hornstrup,G. Hurier,Andrew H. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,W. C. Jones,Mika Juvela,E. Keihänen,Reijo Keskitalo,Ted Kisner,J. Knoche,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Hannu Kurki-Suonio,J.-M. Lamarre,Anthony Lasenby,Massimiliano Lattanzi,Charles R. Lawrence,J. P. Leahy,Rodrigo Leonardi,François Levrier,Michele Liguori,P. B. Lilje,M. Linden-Vørnle,M. López-Caniego,M. López-Caniego,Philip Lubin,J. F. Macías-Pérez,G. Maggio,Davide Maino,Davide Maino,N. Mandolesi,N. Mandolesi,A. Mangilli,A. Mangilli,M. Maris,Peter G. Martin,E. Martínez-González,Silvia Masi,Sabino Matarrese,Alessandro Melchiorri,A. Mennella,A. Mennella,M. Migliaccio,Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschênes,Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschênes,A. Moneti,L. Montier,L. Montier,Gianluca Morgante,Dipak Munshi,J. A. Murphy,Pavel Naselsky,Federico Nati,Paolo Natoli,Paolo Natoli,Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen,Niels Oppermann,E. Orlando,L. Pagano,F. Pajot,Roberta Paladini,Daniela Paoletti,F. Pasian,L. Perotto,Valeria Pettorino,F. Piacentini,M. Piat,Elena Pierpaoli,Stéphane Plaszczynski,Etienne Pointecouteau,Etienne Pointecouteau,G. Polenta,G. Polenta,Nicolas Ponthieu,Nicolas Ponthieu,G. W. Pratt,Simon Prunet,J.-L. Puget,Jörg P. Rachen,M. Reinecke,Mathieu Remazeilles,C. Renault,A. Renzi,I. Ristorcelli,I. Ristorcelli,Graca Rocha,Mariachiara Rossetti,Mariachiara Rossetti,G. Roudier,G. Roudier,G. Roudier,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Ben Rusholme,M. Sandri,D. Santos,M. Savelainen,Douglas Scott,Locke D. Spencer,V. Stolyarov,V. Stolyarov,V. Stolyarov,R. Stompor,Andrew W. Strong,Rashmikant V. Sudiwala,Rashid Sunyaev,A.-S. Suur-Uski,J.-F. Sygnet,J. A. Tauber,Luca Terenzi,Luca Terenzi,L. Toffolatti,L. Toffolatti,L. Toffolatti,M. Tomasi,M. Tomasi,Matthieu Tristram,M. Tucci,Luca Valenziano,Jussi Valiviita,F. Van Tent,P. Vielva,Fabrizio Villa,L. A. Wade,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Ingunn Kathrine Wehus,Ingunn Kathrine Wehus,D. Yvon,Andrea Zacchei,Andrea Zonca +227 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use three different but representative models to compare their predicted polarized synchrotron and dust emission with that measured by the Planck satellite, and find that the dust predictions do not match the morphology in the planck data but underpredict the dust polarization away from the plane.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low-redshift Lyman limit systems as diagnostics of cosmological inflows and outflows
Zachary Hafen,Claude André Faucher-Giguère,Daniel Anglés-Alcázar,Dušan Kereš,Robert Feldmann,T. K. Chan,Eliot Quataert,Norman Murray,Philip F. Hopkins +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used cosmological hydrodynamic simulations with stellar feedback from the FIRE (Feedback In Realistic Environments) project to study the physical nature of Lyman limit systems (LLSs) at z ≤ 1.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ATLASGAL survey: distribution of cold dust in the Galactic plane - Combination with Planck data
Timea Csengeri,Achim Weiss,Friedrich Wyrowski,Karl M. Menten,James Urquhart,Silvia Leurini,Frederic Schuller,Henrik Beuther,Sylvain Bontemps,Leonardo Bronfman,Th. Henning,Nicola Schneider,Nicola Schneider +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the data from the APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL) survey to estimate the distribution of cold dense gas in the inner Galaxy.
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Journal ArticleDOI
HEALPix: A Framework for High-Resolution Discretization and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere
Krzysztof M. Gorski,Krzysztof M. Gorski,E. Hivon,A. J. Banday,Benjamin D. Wandelt,F. K. Hansen,Mstvos Reinecke,Matthia Bartelmann +7 more
TL;DR: This paper considers the requirements and implementation constraints on a framework that simultaneously enables an efficient discretization with associated hierarchical indexation and fast analysis/synthesis of functions defined on the sphere and demonstrates how these are explicitly satisfied by HEALPix.
Journal ArticleDOI
H I in the Galaxy
John M. Dickey,Felix J. Lockman +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a synthese sur l'hydrogene dans la Galaxie traitant des observations a 21 cm, des observations UV, des traceurs indirectes de HI, and de sa structure verticale.
Journal ArticleDOI
HEALPix -- a Framework for High Resolution Discretization, and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere
Krzysztof M. Gorski,E. Hivon,A. J. Banday,Benjamin D. Wandelt,F. K. Hansen,Martin Reinecke,M. Bartelman +6 more
TL;DR: The Hierarchical Equal Area iso-Latitude Pixelization (HEALPix) as discussed by the authors is a data structure with an associated library of computational algorithms and visualization software that supports fast scientific applications executable directly on very large volumes of astronomical data and large area surveys in the form of discretized spherical maps.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Mission
W. B. Atwood,A. A. Abdo,A. A. Abdo,Markus Ackermann,W. Althouse,Brandon Anderson,Magnus Axelsson,Luca Baldini,Jean Ballet,David L. Band,Guido Barbiellini,Guido Barbiellini,J. Bartelt,Denis Bastieri,Denis Bastieri,B. M. Baughman,Keith Bechtol,D. Bédérède,F. Bellardi,Ronaldo Bellazzini,B. Berenji,Giovanni F. Bignami,Dario Bisello,Dario Bisello,Elisabetta Bissaldi,Roger Blandford,E. D. Bloom,J. R. Bogart,Emanuele Bonamente,Emanuele Bonamente,Jerry T. Bonnell,A. W. Borgland,A. Bouvier,Johan Bregeon,Alessandro Brez,M. Brigida,M. Brigida,P. Bruel,T. H. Burnett,G. Busetto,G. Busetto,G. A. Caliandro,G. A. Caliandro,R. A. Cameron,P. A. Caraveo,Staffan Carius,P. Carlson,J. M. Casandjian,E. Cavazzuti,M. Ceccanti,C. Cecchi,C. Cecchi,Eric Charles,A. Chekhtman,A. Chekhtman,C. C. Cheung,James Chiang,R. Chipaux,A. N. Cillis,Stefano Ciprini,Stefano Ciprini,R. Claus,Johann Cohen-Tanugi,S. Condamoor,Jan Conrad,Jan Conrad,Robin H. D. Corbet,L. Corucci,L. Costamante,S. Cutini,David S. Davis,David S. Davis,D. Decotigny,M. Deklotz,Charles D. Dermer,A. De Angelis,Seth Digel,E. Do Couto E Silva,Persis S. Drell,R. Dubois,D. Dumora,D. Dumora,Y. Edmonds,D. Fabiani,Christian Farnier,C. Favuzzi,C. Favuzzi,D. L. Flath,P. Fleury,W. B. Focke,Stefan Funk,P. Fusco,P. Fusco,F. Gargano,Dario Gasparrini,Neil Gehrels,Neil Gehrels,F.-X. Gentit,S. Germani,S. Germani,B. Giebels,Nicola Giglietto,Nicola Giglietto,Paolo Giommi,F. Giordano,F. Giordano,T. Glanzman,G. Godfrey,I. A. Grenier,M.-H. Grondin,M.-H. Grondin,J. E. Grove,L. Guillemot,L. Guillemot,S. Guiriec,Gunther Haller,Alice K. Harding,P. A. Hart,E. Hays,S. E. Healey,M. Hirayama,M. Hirayama,L. Hjalmarsdotter,R. Horn,R. E. Hughes,Gudlaugur Johannesson,G. Johansson,A. S. Johnson,R. P. Johnson,Tyrel J. Johnson,Tyrel J. Johnson,W. N. Johnson,T. Kamae,Hideaki Katagiri,Jun Kataoka,A. Kavelaars,Nobuyuki Kawai,H. Kelly,Matthew Kerr,Wlodzimierz Klamra,Jürgen Knödlseder,Martin Kocian,N. Komin,N. Komin,F. Kuehn,M. Kuss,D. Landriu,Luca Latronico,B. Lee,Shiu-Hang Lee,Marianne Lemoine-Goumard,Marianne Lemoine-Goumard,Andrea Lionetto,Andrea Lionetto,Francesco Longo,Francesco Longo,F. Loparco,F. Loparco,Benoit Lott,Benoit Lott,M. N. Lovellette,P. Lubrano,P. Lubrano,G. M. Madejski,A. Makeev,A. Makeev,B. Marangelli,B. Marangelli,M.M. Massai,M. N. Mazziotta,Julie McEnery,N. Menon,C. Meurer,Peter F. Michelson,Massimo Minuti,N. Mirizzi,N. Mirizzi,W. Mitthumsiri,Tsunefumi Mizuno,A. A. Moiseev,C. Monte,C. Monte,M. E. Monzani,Elena Moretti,Elena Moretti,A. Morselli,A. Morselli,Igor V. Moskalenko,S. Murgia,Takeshi Nakamori,Sho Nishino,P. L. Nolan,J. P. Norris,Eric Nuss,Masanori Ohno,T. Ohsugi,Nicola Omodei,E. Orlando,J. F. Ormes,Alessandro Paccagnella,Alessandro Paccagnella,David Paneque,J. H. Panetta,D. Parent,D. Parent,Mark Pearce,M. Pepe,M. Pepe,A. Perazzo,Melissa Pesce-Rollins,P. Picozza,P. Picozza,L. Pieri,Michele Pinchera,F. Piron,T. A. Porter,L. Poupard,S. Rainò,S. Rainò,Robert R. Rando,Robert R. Rando,E. Rapposelli,M. Razzano,A. Reimer,Olaf Reimer,T. Reposeur,T. Reposeur,L. C. Reyes,S. Ritz,S. Ritz,L. S. Rochester,A. Y. Rodriguez,Roger W. Romani,M. Roth,J. J. Russell,Felix Ryde,S. Sabatini,S. Sabatini,Hartmut Sadrozinski,David Sanchez,A. Sander,L. Sapozhnikov,P. M. Saz Parkinson,Jeffrey D. Scargle,T. L. Schalk,G. Scolieri,Carmelo Sgrò,Gerald H. Share,Gerald H. Share,M. S. Shaw,Takashi Shimokawabe,Chris Shrader,Agnieszka Sierpowska-Bartosik,E. J. Siskind,David A. Smith,David A. Smith,P. D. Smith,Gloria Spandre,P. Spinelli,P. Spinelli,Jean-Luc Starck,T. E. Stephens,M. S. Strickman,Andrew W. Strong,D. J. Suson,Hiroyasu Tajima,Hiromitsu Takahashi,Tadayuki Takahashi,Takaaki Tanaka,A. Tenze,S. Tether,J. B. Thayer,J. G. Thayer,D. J. Thompson,L. Tibaldo,L. Tibaldo,O. Tibolla,Diego F. Torres,Diego F. Torres,Gino Tosti,Gino Tosti,A. Tramacere,M. Turri,T. L. Usher,N. Vilchez,V. Vitale,V. Vitale,P. Wang,K. Watters,Brian L Winer,K. S. Wood,T. Ylinen,M. Ziegler +292 more
TL;DR: The Large Area Telescope (Fermi/LAT) as mentioned in this paper is the primary instrument on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, which is an imaging, wide field-of-view, high-energy gamma-ray telescope, covering the energy range from below 20 MeV to more than 300 GeV.
Book
Radiative processes in astrophysics
TL;DR: Inverse square law for a uniformly bright sphere as discussed by the authors is used to define specific intensity and its moments, which is defined as the specific intensity or brightness of a sphere in terms of specific intensity.
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