Journal ArticleDOI
Recycling of Spent Lithium-Ion Battery: A Critical Review
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In this article, the authors review the current status of the recycling processes of spent lithium ion batteries, introduce the structure and components of the batteries, and summarize all available single contacts in batch mode operation, including pretreatment, secondary treatment, and deep recovery.Abstract:
Lithium-ion battery (LIB) applications in consumer electronics and electric vehicles are rapidly growing, resulting in boosting resources demand, including cobalt and lithium. So recycling of batteries will be a necessity, not only to decline the consumption of energy, but also to relieve the shortage of rare resources and eliminate the pollution of hazardous components, toward sustainable industries related to consumer electronics and electric vehicles. The authors review the current status of the recycling processes of spent LIBs, introduce the structure and components of the batteries, and summarize all available single contacts in batch mode operation, including pretreatment, secondary treatment, and deep recovery. Additionally, many problems and prospect of the current recycling processes will be presented and analyzed. It is hoped that this effort would stimulate further interest in spent LIBs recycling and in the appreciation of its benefits.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comminution and Classification as Important Process Steps for the Circular Production of Lithium Batteries
Arno Kwade,Marcel Möller,Johannes Müller,Jutta Hesselbach,Sabrina Zellmer,Stefan Doose,Julian K. Mayer,P. Michalowski,Malcolm Powell,Sandra Breitung-Faes +9 more
TL;DR: In this article , the use of comminution processes and, thus, crushers and mills for particle breakage and dispersing, as well as classifiers for particle separation within the process chain, from the raw material to the final lithium battery cell and its recycling at end-life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fundamental Investigation of Direct Cathode Regeneration Using Chemically Delithiated Lithium Cobalt Oxides
Sajibul Alam Bhuyan,Hosop Shin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper , two lithium cobalt oxides (LCO) at different degrees of delithiation were synthesized by chemical delithiations, and their material and electrochemical characteristics were systematically compared before/after hydrothermal-based cathode regeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recycling of cathode material from spent lithium-ion batteries
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure and principle of the operation of Li-ion batteries is presented, with a brief overview of cathodic and anodic materials development, as well as the requirements that separator and electrolyte should fulfill in order to be used in Li ion batteries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydroxypicolinic acid tethered on magnetite core-silica shell (HPCA@SiO2@Fe3O4) as an effective and reusable adsorbent for practical Co(II) recovery.
TL;DR: In this article , a magnetic adsorbent covalently tethered with 5-hydroxypicolinic acid (HPCA) as Co(II) ligand was developed.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Critical Review on the Recycling Strategy of Lithium Iron Phosphate from Electric Vehicles
Jinghui Zhang,Li-fan Wang,T. Moa +2 more
TL;DR: In this article , the operation and degradation mechanisms of LFP are revisited aiming to identify entry points for LFP recycling, from the pretreatment of the retired batteries to the regeneration and recovery of the LFP cathode.
References
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Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries
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Building better batteries
TL;DR: Researchers must find a sustainable way of providing the power their modern lifestyles demand to ensure the continued existence of clean energy sources.
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Electrical Energy Storage for the Grid: A Battery of Choices
TL;DR: The battery systems reviewed here include sodium-sulfur batteries that are commercially available for grid applications, redox-flow batteries that offer low cost, and lithium-ion batteries whose development for commercial electronics and electric vehicles is being applied to grid storage.
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Nonaqueous liquid electrolytes for lithium-based rechargeable batteries.
TL;DR: The phytochemical properties of Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate and its Derivatives are as follows: 2.2.1.
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Electrodes with high power and high capacity for rechargeable lithium batteries.
Kisuk Kang,Ying Shirley Meng,Ying Shirley Meng,Julien Breger,Julien Breger,Clare P. Grey,Clare P. Grey,Gerbrand Ceder,Gerbrand Ceder +8 more
TL;DR: By modifying its crystal structure, lithium nickel manganese oxide is obtained unexpectedly high rate-capability, considerably better than lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), the current battery electrode material of choice.