Regulation of Tissue Inflammation by 12-Lipoxygenases.
Abhishek Kulkarni,Jerry L. Nadler,Raghavendra G. Mirmira,Isabel Casimiro +3 more
- Vol. 11, Iss: 5, pp 717
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TLDR
The role of 12-LOXs in the pathogenesis of several diseases in which chronic inflammation plays an underlying role is reviewed, suggesting a translational potential of targeting the enzyme for the treatment of several disorders.Abstract:
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are lipid metabolizing enzymes that catalyze the di-oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids to generate active eicosanoid products. 12-lipoxygenases (12-LOXs) primarily oxygenate the 12th carbon of its substrates. Many studies have demonstrated that 12-LOXs and their eicosanoid metabolite 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoate (12-HETE), have significant pathological implications in inflammatory diseases. Increased level of 12-LOX activity promotes stress (both oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum)-mediated inflammation, leading to damage in these tissues. 12-LOXs are also associated with enhanced cellular migration of immune cells-a characteristic of several metabolic and autoimmune disorders. Genetic depletion or pharmacological inhibition of the enzyme in animal models of various diseases has shown to be protective against disease development and/or progression in animal models in the setting of diabetes, pulmonary, cardiovascular, and metabolic disease, suggesting a translational potential of targeting the enzyme for the treatment of several disorders. In this article, we review the role of 12-LOXs in the pathogenesis of several diseases in which chronic inflammation plays an underlying role.read more
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Melatonin: highlighting its use as a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection
Russel J. Reiter,Ramaswamy Sharma,Fedor Simko,Alberto Dominguez-Rodriguez,Jan Tesarik,Richard L. Neel,Andrzej Slominski,Konrad Kleszczyński,Verna M Martin-Gimenez,Walter Manucha,Daniel P. Cardinali +10 more
TL;DR: Melatonin has pan-antiviral effects and it diminishes the severity of viral infections and reduces the death of animals infected with numerous different viruses, including three different coronaviruses as discussed by the authors .
12-Lipoxygenase Promotes Obesity-Induced Oxidative Stress in Pancreatic Islets
Sarah A. Tersey,Bernhard Maier,Yurika Nishiki,Aarthi V. Maganti,Jerry L. Nadler,Raghavendra G. Mirmira +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the 12-Lipoxygenase (12-LO) in the pancreatic islet is hypothesized to cause dysglycemia in the setting of high-fat feeding.
Journal ArticleDOI
12-Lipoxygenase governs the innate immune pathogenesis of islet inflammation and autoimmune diabetes
Abhishek Kulkarni,Abhishek Kulkarni,Annie R. Piñeros,Melissa A Walsh,Isabel Casimiro,Sara Ibrahim,Marimar Hernandez-Perez,Kara S. Orr,Lindsey Glenn,Jerry L. Nadler,Margaret A. Morris,Sarah A. Tersey,Raghavendra G. Mirmira,Ryan M. Anderson +13 more
TL;DR: In this article, the role of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) in early islet inflammation of type 1 diabetes was investigated in NOD mice and showed that deletion or inhibition of the enzyme resulted in reduced macrophage infiltration into islets and preservation of β cell mass.
Journal ArticleDOI
Platelet ACKR3/CXCR7 favors antiplatelet lipids over an atherothrombotic lipidome and regulates thromboinflammation
TL;DR: In this paper , platelet ACKR3/CXCR7 surface expression is enhanced and influences prognosis in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, who exhibit a distinct atherothrombotic platelet lipidome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Arachidonic Acid and Its Metabolites on Functional Beta-Cell Mass
TL;DR: The metabolism of AA by COX, LOX, and CYP, the roles of these enzymes and their metabolites in beta-cell mass and function, and the possibility of targeting these pathways as novel therapies for treating diabetes are discussed.
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