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The Cytokines of Asthma

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TLDR
The cytokine networks driving asthma are reviewed, placing these in cellular context and incorporating insights from cytokine-targeting therapies in the clinic, to argue that the development of new and improved therapeutics will require understanding the diverse mechanisms underlying the spectrum of asthma pathologies.
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This article is published in Immunity.The article was published on 2019-04-16 and is currently open access. It has received 501 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Bronchial hyperresponsiveness & Systemic inflammation.

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Citations
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Does the epithelial barrier hypothesis explain the increase in allergy, autoimmunity and other chronic conditions?

TL;DR: Akdis et al. as discussed by the authors introduced an extended "epithelial barrier hypothesis" which proposes that the increase in epithelial barrier-damaging agents linked to industrialization, urbanization and modern life underlies the rise in allergic, autoimmune and other chronic conditions.
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The basic immunology of asthma

TL;DR: In this article, the underlying immunological basis of various asthma endotypes by discussing results obtained from animal studies as well as results generated in clinical studies targeting specific immune pathways is discussed.
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The cytokine network involved in the host immune response to periodontitis

TL;DR: This review begins with an up-to-date aetiological hypothesis of periodontal disease and summarize the roles of cytokines in the host immune response and the latest cytokine-related therapeutic measures for periodontic disease.
References
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An Unexpected Role for Uric Acid as an Inducer of T Helper 2 Cell Immunity to Inhaled Antigens and Inflammatory Mediator of Allergic Asthma

TL;DR: It is shown that UA is released in the airways of allergen-challenged asthmatic patients and mice, where it was necessary for mounting T helper 2 (Th2) cell immunity, airway eosinophilia, and bronchial hyperreactivity to inhaled harmless proteins and clinically relevant house dust mite allerGEN.
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Allergen-induced airway inflammation and bronchial responsiveness in wild-type and interleukin-4-deficient mice

TL;DR: It is indicated that repeated allergen exposure in sensitized mice induces airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and that IL-4 plays a predominant role in the pathogenesis of both phenomena.
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Phase 3 Study of Reslizumab in Patients With Poorly Controlled Asthma: Effects Across a Broad Range of Eosinophil Counts

TL;DR: Rlizumab was well tolerated in patients with inadequately controlled asthma, with fewer overall adverse events compared with placebo and Clinically meaningful effects on lung function and symptom control were not seen in patients unselected for baseline eosinophils.
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A Randomized, Controlled, Phase 2 Study of AMG 317, an IL-4Rα Antagonist, in Patients with Asthma

TL;DR: Clinically significant improvements were observed in several outcome measures in patients with higher baseline ACQ scores, and AMG 317 did not demonstrate clinical efficacy across the overall group of patients.
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Trending Questions (1)
What is the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of asthma?

The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of asthma is to promote airway eosinophilia, mucus overproduction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and immunoglobulin E synthesis.