The parasite clearance curve.
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TLDR
The slope of the log-linear segment in the middle of the parasite clearance curve has the least inter-individual variance and is the focus of therapeutic assessment.Abstract:
Parasite clearance rates are important measures of anti-malarial drug efficacy. They are particularly important in the assessment of artemisinin resistance. The slope of the log-linear segment in the middle of the parasite clearance curve has the least inter-individual variance and is the focus of therapeutic assessment. The factors affecting parasite clearance are reviewed. Methods of presentation and the approaches to analysis are discussed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Spread of Artemisinin Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
Elizabeth A. Ashley,Mehul Dhorda,Rick M. Fairhurst,Chanaki Amaratunga,Pharath Lim,Seila Suon,Sokunthea Sreng,Jennifer M. Anderson,Mao S,Sam B,Chantha Sopha,Char Meng Chuor,Chea Nguon,Siv Sovannaroth,Sasithon Pukrittayakamee,Podjanee Jittamala,Kesinee Chotivanich,K Chutasmit,C Suchatsoonthorn,R Runcharoen,Tran Tinh Hien,Nguyen Thuy-Nhien,Thanh Nv,Nguyen Hoan Phu,Ye Htut,Han Kt,Kyin Hla Aye,Olugbenga A. Mokuolu,Rasaq Olaosebikan,Olaleke Oluwasegun Folaranmi,Mayfong Mayxay,Maniphone Khanthavong,Bouasy Hongvanthong,Paul N. Newton,M A Onyamboko,Caterina I. Fanello,Antoinette Tshefu,Neelima Mishra,Neena Valecha,Aung Pyae Phyo,François Nosten,Yi P,Rupam Tripura,Steffen Borrmann,Mahfudh Bashraheil,Judy Peshu,M A Faiz,Aniruddha Ghose,M A Hossain,Rasheda Samad,M. R. Rahman,Manal Hasan,Ashraful Islam,Olivo Miotto,Roberto Amato,Bronwyn MacInnis,Jim Stalker,Dominic P. Kwiatkowski,Zbynek Bozdech,Atthanee Jeeyapant,Phaik Yeong Cheah,Tharisara Sakulthaew,Jeremy Chalk,Benjamas Intharabut,Kamolrat Silamut,Lee Sj,Benchawan Vihokhern,Chanon Kunasol,Mallika Imwong,Joel Tarning,Taylor Wj,Shunmay Yeung,Charles J. Woodrow,Jennifer A. Flegg,Debashish Das,Jennifer L. Smith,Meera Venkatesan,Christopher V. Plowe,Kasia Stepniewska,Philippe J Guerin,Arjen M. Dondorp,Nicholas P. J. Day,Nicholas J. White +82 more
TL;DR: Prolonged courses of artemisinin-based combination therapies are currently efficacious in areas where standard 3-day treatments are failing, and the incidence of pretreatment and post-treatment gametocytemia was higher among patients with slow parasite clearance, suggesting greater potential for transmission.
Journal ArticleDOI
A molecular marker of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Frédéric Ariey,Benoit Witkowski,Chanaki Amaratunga,Johann Beghain,Anne-Claire Langlois,Nimol Khim,Saorin Kim,Valentine Duru,Christiane Bouchier,Laurence Ma,Pharath Lim,Rithea Leang,Socheat Duong,Sokunthea Sreng,Seila Suon,Char Meng Chuor,Denis Mey Bout,Sandie Menard,William O. Rogers,Blaise Genton,Thierry Fandeur,Olivo Miotto,Pascal Ringwald,Jacques Le Bras,Antoine Berry,Jean Christophe Barale,Rick M. Fairhurst,Françoise Benoit-Vical,Odile Mercereau-Puijalon,Didier Menard +29 more
TL;DR: Strong correlations between the presence of a mutant allele, in vitro parasite survival rates and in vivo parasite clearance rates indicate that K13-propeller mutations are important determinants of artemisinin resistance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel phenotypic assays for the detection of artemisinin- resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Cambodia: in-vitro and ex-vivo drug-response studies
Benoit Witkowski,Chanaki Amaratunga,Nimol Khim,Sokunthea Sreng,Pheaktra Chim,Saorin Kim,Pharath Lim,Pharath Lim,Sivanna Mao,Chantha Sopha,Baramey Sam,Jennifer M. Anderson,Socheat Duong,Char Meng Chuor,Walter R. J. Taylor,Seila Suon,Odile Mercereau-Puijalon,Rick M. Fairhurst,Didier Menard +18 more
TL;DR: The in-vitro RSA of 0-3 h ring-stage parasites provides a platform for the molecular characterisation of artemisinin resistance and the ex-vivo RSA can be easily implemented where surveillance for artemis inin resistance is needed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Cambodia: a multisite prospective cohort study
Chanaki Amaratunga,Pharath Lim,Seila Suon,Sokunthea Sreng,Sivanna Mao,Chantha Sopha,Baramey Sam,Dalin Dek,Vorleak Try,Roberto Amato,Roberto Amato,Daniel Blessborn,Daniel Blessborn,Lijiang Song,Lijiang Song,Gregory Tullo,Michael P. Fay,Jennifer M. Anderson,Joel Tarning,Joel Tarning,Rick M. Fairhurst +20 more
TL;DR: In Cambodia, artesunate plus mefloquine may be a viable option to treat dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine failures, and a more effective first-line ACT in areas where dihydrodynamic failures are common, and the use of single low-dose primaquine to eliminate circulating gametocytes is needed in Areas where artemisin in and ACT resistance is prevalent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Population transcriptomics of human malaria parasites reveals the mechanism of artemisinin resistance
Sachel Mok,Elizabeth A. Ashley,Elizabeth A. Ashley,Pedro Eduardo Ferreira,Lei Zhu,Zhaoting Lin,Tomas Yeo,Kesinee Chotivanich,Mallika Imwong,Sasithon Pukrittayakamee,Mehul Dhorda,Mehul Dhorda,Mehul Dhorda,Chea Nguon,Pharath Lim,Chanaki Amaratunga,Seila Suon,Tran Tinh Hien,Ye Htut,M. Abul Faiz,Marie A. Onyamboko,Mayfong Mayxay,Mayfong Mayxay,Paul N. Newton,Paul N. Newton,Paul N. Newton,Rupam Tripura,Charles J. Woodrow,Charles J. Woodrow,Olivo Miotto,Olivo Miotto,Olivo Miotto,Dominic P. Kwiatkowski,Dominic P. Kwiatkowski,François Nosten,François Nosten,Nicholas P. J. Day,Nicholas P. J. Day,Peter R. Preiser,Nicholas J. White,Nicholas J. White,Arjen M. Dondorp,Arjen M. Dondorp,Rick M. Fairhurst,Zbynek Bozdech +44 more
TL;DR: Analysis of in vivo transcriptomes of P. falciparum isolates from patients with acute malaria found that artemisinin resistance is associated with increased expression of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways involving the major PROSC and TRiC chaperone complexes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Artemisinin Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
Arjen M. Dondorp,François Nosten,Poravuth Yi,Debashish Das,Aung Phae Phyo,Joel Tarning,Khin Maung Lwin,Frédéric Ariey,Warunee Hanpithakpong,Sue J. Lee,Pascal Ringwald,Kamolrat Silamut,Mallika Imwong,Kesinee Chotivanich,Pharath Lim,Trent Herdman,Sen Sam An,Shunmay Yeung,Pratap Singhasivanon,Nicholas P. J. Day,Niklas Lindegardh,Duong Socheat,Nicholas J. White +22 more
TL;DR: The overall median clearance times were 84 hours (interquartile range, 60 to 96) in Pailin and 48 hours in Wang Pha (P<0.001) in each of the two locations as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence of Artemisinin-Resistant Malaria in Western Cambodia
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Gamma-Globulin and Acquired Immunity to Human Malaria
Journal ArticleDOI
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