Journal ArticleDOI
Two distinct actin networks drive the protrusion of migrating cells
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TLDR
Computational analysis of fluorescent speckle microscopy movies of migrating epithelial cells revealed this process is mediated by two spatially colocalized but kinematically, kinetically, molecularly, and functionally distinct actin networks.Abstract:
Cell migration initiates by extension of the actin cytoskeleton at the leading edge. Computational analysis of fluorescent speckle microscopy movies of migrating epithelial cells revealed this process is mediated by two spatially colocalized but kinematically, kinetically, molecularly, and functionally distinct actin networks. A lamellipodium network assembled at the leading edge but completely disassembled within 1 to 3 micrometers. It was weakly coupled to the rest of the cytoskeleton and promoted the random protrusion and retraction of the leading edge. Productive cell advance was a function of the second colocalized network, the lamella, where actomyosin contraction was integrated with substrate adhesion.read more
Citations
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Strain field in actin filament network in lamellipodia of migrating cells: Implication for network reorganization
TL;DR: This study quantitatively evaluated the strain field in the actin filament network forming the lamellipodia of migrating fish keratocytes to elucidate the mechanism by which actin filaments network reorganization is regulated by biomechanical factors and proposes a selective depolymerization model which suggests that negative strain may couple with biomechanicals factors such as ADF/cofilin to promote selective depoleration of filaments oriented in the direction of the deformation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Apocynin Derivatives Interrupt Intracellular Signaling Resulting in Decreased Migration in Breast Cancer Cells
Robert F. Klees,Paul C. De Marco,Roman M. Salasznyk,Disha Ahuja,Michael G. Hogg,Sylvain Antoniotti,Lakshmi Kamath,Jonathan S. Dordick,George E. Plopper +8 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that apocynin derivatives inhibit cell migration in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-435 at subtoxic concentrations; the migration of nonmalignant MCF10A breast cells is unaffected.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lamellipodium extension and membrane ruffling require different SNARE-mediated trafficking pathways
Michael Skalski,Qing Yi,Michelle J. Kean,Dennis W Myers,Karla C. Williams,Angela Burtnik,Marc G. Coppolino +6 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that different SNARE-mediated trafficking pathways support membrane remodeling during ECM-induced lamellipodium extension and PMA-induced ruffle formation, pointing to important mechanistic differences between these processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative Fluorescent Speckle Microscopy (QFSM) to Measure Actin Dynamics
TL;DR: Quantified Fluorescent Speckle Microscopy (QFSM) is a live cell imaging method to analyze the dynamics of macromolecular assemblies with high spatial and temporal resolution as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Prisma® Skin dermal regeneration device containing glycosaminoglycans on human keratinocytes and fibroblasts.
TL;DR: The effects of Prisma® Skin in in vitro cultures of adult epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts are described and it is suggested that it may be able to accelerate the healing process in venous skin ulcers, principally enhancing re-epithelialization and granulation processes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cell Migration: A Physically Integrated Molecular Process
TL;DR: The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Institutes of Health (grants GM23244 and GM53905), and to very helpful comments on the manuscript from Elliot Elson, Vlodya Gelfand, Paul Matsudaira, Julie Theriot, and Sally Zigmond.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular Motility Driven by Assembly and Disassembly of Actin Filaments
Thomas D. Pollard,Gary G. Borisy +1 more
TL;DR: A core set of proteins including actin, Arp2/3 complex, profilin, capping protein, and ADF/cofilin can reconstitute the process in vitro, and mathematical models of the constituent reactions predict the rate of motion.
Journal ArticleDOI
The interaction of Arp2/3 complex with actin: Nucleation, high affinity pointed end capping, and formation of branching networks of filaments
TL;DR: It is shown that Arp2/3 complex purified from Acanthamoeba caps the pointed ends of actin filaments with high affinity and increases the critical concentration for polymerization at the pointed end from 0.6 to 1.0 microM.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dissecting Temporal and Spatial Control of Cytokinesis with a Myosin II Inhibitor
Aaron F. Straight,Amy Cheung,John Limouze,Irene A. Chen,Nicholas J. Westwood,James R. Sellers,Timothy J. Mitchison +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that exit from the cytokinetic phase of the cell cycle depends on ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and continuous signals from microtubules are required to maintain the position of the cleavage furrow, and these signals control the localization of myosin II independently of other furrow components.
Journal ArticleDOI
Actions of cytochalasins on the organization of actin filaments and microtubules in a neuronal growth cone.
Paul Forscher,Stephen J. Smith +1 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that actin normally polymerizes at the leading edge and then flows rearward at a rate between 3-6 microns/min, which is consistent with their being secondary to effects of CB on lamellar F-actin.
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