Journal ArticleDOI
Two distinct actin networks drive the protrusion of migrating cells
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Computational analysis of fluorescent speckle microscopy movies of migrating epithelial cells revealed this process is mediated by two spatially colocalized but kinematically, kinetically, molecularly, and functionally distinct actin networks.Abstract:
Cell migration initiates by extension of the actin cytoskeleton at the leading edge. Computational analysis of fluorescent speckle microscopy movies of migrating epithelial cells revealed this process is mediated by two spatially colocalized but kinematically, kinetically, molecularly, and functionally distinct actin networks. A lamellipodium network assembled at the leading edge but completely disassembled within 1 to 3 micrometers. It was weakly coupled to the rest of the cytoskeleton and promoted the random protrusion and retraction of the leading edge. Productive cell advance was a function of the second colocalized network, the lamella, where actomyosin contraction was integrated with substrate adhesion.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Reconstitution of composite actin and keratin networks in vesicles.
TL;DR: Investigation of isolated keratin and actin composites shows how the in vitro network formation of keratin influences the properties of actin networks and vice versa, and demonstrates that the actin network stabilizes keratin networks by providing an elastic resistance to their collapse in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stochastic fluctuation-induced cell polarization on elastic substrates: A cytoskeleton-based mechanical model
TL;DR: Interestingly, the stochastic fluctuation in the initial cell shape can lead to the spontaneous generation of cell polarization on elastic substrates, and a cell can exhibit a more anisotropic geometry on stiff substrates than on soft ones.
Journal ArticleDOI
The actin crosslinking protein palladin modulates force generation and mechanosensitivity of tumor associated fibroblasts
TL;DR: The results suggest that actin crosslinkers such as palladin and myosin motors coordinate for optimal cell function and to prevent aberrant behavior as in cancer metastasis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of axon growth by myosin II-dependent mechanocatalysis of cofilin activity.
Xiao-Feng Zhang,Visar Ajeti,Visar Ajeti,Nicole Tsai,Nicole Tsai,Arash Fereydooni,William R. Burns,Michael P. Murrell,Enrique M. De La Cruz,Paul Forscher +9 more
TL;DR: Synergism between myosin II contractility and cofilin activity modulates serotonin-dependent axon growth and leads to catastrophic decreases in actin network density and neurite retraction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative Analysis of Actin Turnover in Listeria Comet Tails: Evidence for Catastrophic Filament Turnover
TL;DR: Results point to a pathway where filaments grow transiently from barbed ends, rapidly terminate growth to enter a long-lived stable state, and then undergo a catastrophic burst of disassembly, which may enable cellular actin assemblies to maintain their mechanical integrity as they are turning over.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Cell Migration: A Physically Integrated Molecular Process
TL;DR: The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Institutes of Health (grants GM23244 and GM53905), and to very helpful comments on the manuscript from Elliot Elson, Vlodya Gelfand, Paul Matsudaira, Julie Theriot, and Sally Zigmond.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular Motility Driven by Assembly and Disassembly of Actin Filaments
Thomas D. Pollard,Gary G. Borisy +1 more
TL;DR: A core set of proteins including actin, Arp2/3 complex, profilin, capping protein, and ADF/cofilin can reconstitute the process in vitro, and mathematical models of the constituent reactions predict the rate of motion.
Journal ArticleDOI
The interaction of Arp2/3 complex with actin: Nucleation, high affinity pointed end capping, and formation of branching networks of filaments
TL;DR: It is shown that Arp2/3 complex purified from Acanthamoeba caps the pointed ends of actin filaments with high affinity and increases the critical concentration for polymerization at the pointed end from 0.6 to 1.0 microM.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dissecting Temporal and Spatial Control of Cytokinesis with a Myosin II Inhibitor
Aaron F. Straight,Amy Cheung,John Limouze,Irene A. Chen,Nicholas J. Westwood,James R. Sellers,Timothy J. Mitchison +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that exit from the cytokinetic phase of the cell cycle depends on ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and continuous signals from microtubules are required to maintain the position of the cleavage furrow, and these signals control the localization of myosin II independently of other furrow components.
Journal ArticleDOI
Actions of cytochalasins on the organization of actin filaments and microtubules in a neuronal growth cone.
Paul Forscher,Stephen J. Smith +1 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that actin normally polymerizes at the leading edge and then flows rearward at a rate between 3-6 microns/min, which is consistent with their being secondary to effects of CB on lamellar F-actin.
Related Papers (5)
Cellular Motility Driven by Assembly and Disassembly of Actin Filaments
Thomas D. Pollard,Gary G. Borisy +1 more
Arp2/3 complex and actin depolymerizing factor/cofilin in dendritic organization and treadmilling of actin filament array in lamellipodia.
T.M. Svitkina,Gary G. Borisy +1 more