Journal ArticleDOI
Two distinct actin networks drive the protrusion of migrating cells
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TLDR
Computational analysis of fluorescent speckle microscopy movies of migrating epithelial cells revealed this process is mediated by two spatially colocalized but kinematically, kinetically, molecularly, and functionally distinct actin networks.Abstract:
Cell migration initiates by extension of the actin cytoskeleton at the leading edge. Computational analysis of fluorescent speckle microscopy movies of migrating epithelial cells revealed this process is mediated by two spatially colocalized but kinematically, kinetically, molecularly, and functionally distinct actin networks. A lamellipodium network assembled at the leading edge but completely disassembled within 1 to 3 micrometers. It was weakly coupled to the rest of the cytoskeleton and promoted the random protrusion and retraction of the leading edge. Productive cell advance was a function of the second colocalized network, the lamella, where actomyosin contraction was integrated with substrate adhesion.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamic Regulation of the Structure and Functions of Integrin Adhesions
TL;DR: Integrin-mediated environmental sensing enables cells to adapt to chemical and physical properties of the surrounding matrix by modulating their proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tracking in cell and developmental biology.
TL;DR: Covering all scales of microscopic observation, from cells, down to molecules, and up to entire organisms, it discusses the latest trends and successes in the development and application of computerized tracking methods in cell and developmental biology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanical forces in the immune system
TL;DR: The current understanding of how mechanical force regulates cell-surface receptor activation, cell migration, intracellular signalling and intercellular communication is reviewed, highlighting the biological ramifications of these effects in various immune cell types.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cortactin branches out: Roles in regulating protrusive actin dynamics
TL;DR: This review examines how regulation of cortactin through post-translational modifications and interactions with multiple binding partners elicits changes in cortical actin cytoskeletal organization, impacting the regulation and formation of actin-rich motility structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vinculin–actin interaction couples actin retrograde flow to focal adhesions, but is dispensable for focal adhesion growth
Ingo Thievessen,Peter M. Thompson,S. Berlemont,Karen M. Plevock,Sergey V. Plotnikov,Alice E. Zemljic-Harpf,Robert S. Ross,Michael W. Davidson,Gaudenz Danuser,Sharon L. Campbell,Clare M. Waterman +10 more
TL;DR: Vinculin functions as a molecular clutch that organizes leading edge F-actin, generates traction, and promotes focal adhesion formation and turnover but not adhesion growth.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cell Migration: A Physically Integrated Molecular Process
TL;DR: The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Institutes of Health (grants GM23244 and GM53905), and to very helpful comments on the manuscript from Elliot Elson, Vlodya Gelfand, Paul Matsudaira, Julie Theriot, and Sally Zigmond.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular Motility Driven by Assembly and Disassembly of Actin Filaments
Thomas D. Pollard,Gary G. Borisy +1 more
TL;DR: A core set of proteins including actin, Arp2/3 complex, profilin, capping protein, and ADF/cofilin can reconstitute the process in vitro, and mathematical models of the constituent reactions predict the rate of motion.
Journal ArticleDOI
The interaction of Arp2/3 complex with actin: Nucleation, high affinity pointed end capping, and formation of branching networks of filaments
TL;DR: It is shown that Arp2/3 complex purified from Acanthamoeba caps the pointed ends of actin filaments with high affinity and increases the critical concentration for polymerization at the pointed end from 0.6 to 1.0 microM.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dissecting Temporal and Spatial Control of Cytokinesis with a Myosin II Inhibitor
Aaron F. Straight,Amy Cheung,John Limouze,Irene A. Chen,Nicholas J. Westwood,James R. Sellers,Timothy J. Mitchison +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that exit from the cytokinetic phase of the cell cycle depends on ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and continuous signals from microtubules are required to maintain the position of the cleavage furrow, and these signals control the localization of myosin II independently of other furrow components.
Journal ArticleDOI
Actions of cytochalasins on the organization of actin filaments and microtubules in a neuronal growth cone.
Paul Forscher,Stephen J. Smith +1 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that actin normally polymerizes at the leading edge and then flows rearward at a rate between 3-6 microns/min, which is consistent with their being secondary to effects of CB on lamellar F-actin.
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