Journal ArticleDOI
Two distinct actin networks drive the protrusion of migrating cells
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TLDR
Computational analysis of fluorescent speckle microscopy movies of migrating epithelial cells revealed this process is mediated by two spatially colocalized but kinematically, kinetically, molecularly, and functionally distinct actin networks.Abstract:
Cell migration initiates by extension of the actin cytoskeleton at the leading edge. Computational analysis of fluorescent speckle microscopy movies of migrating epithelial cells revealed this process is mediated by two spatially colocalized but kinematically, kinetically, molecularly, and functionally distinct actin networks. A lamellipodium network assembled at the leading edge but completely disassembled within 1 to 3 micrometers. It was weakly coupled to the rest of the cytoskeleton and promoted the random protrusion and retraction of the leading edge. Productive cell advance was a function of the second colocalized network, the lamella, where actomyosin contraction was integrated with substrate adhesion.read more
Citations
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Regulation of Focal Adhesion Dynamics by a Kinesin Motor Kid/KIF22/Kinesin-10
TL;DR: This study discovered a novel function of Kid during interphase and expanded the knowledge on how motor proteins play significant roles in adhesion dynamics.
DissertationDOI
Single Cell Pico Force Microscopy: A Novel Tool for High Resolution Measurement of Cell Forces
TL;DR: A systematic effort to build a library of molecular-mechanical force signatures of various common cytoskeleton reactions and an effort to stimulate and observe compliance sensing and response in adherent cells are proposed.
Posted ContentDOI
Differential nanoscale organisation of LFA-1 modulates T cell migration
Michael Shannon,Judith Pineau,Juliette Griffié,Jesse Aaron,Tamlyn Peel,David Williamson,Rose Zamoyska,Andrew P. Cope,Georgina H. Cornish,Dylan M. Owen,Dylan M. Owen +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the velocity and direction of F-actin flow in migrating T-cells alongside single molecule localisation of transmembrane and intracellular LFA-1 were quantified.
Posted ContentDOI
Force-exerting lateral protrusions in fibroblastic cell contraction
Abinash Padhi,Karanpreet Singh,Janusz Franco-Barraza,Daniel J. Marston,Edna Cukierman,Klaus M. Hahn,Rakesh K. Kapania,Amrinder S. Nain +7 more
TL;DR: This work identifies lateral protrusions with specific functions and morphology that are induced by elongated fibroblastic cells and which apply extracellular fiber-deflecting contractile forces and confirms that anisotropic fibrous environments enable PLP formation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cell Migration: A Physically Integrated Molecular Process
TL;DR: The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Institutes of Health (grants GM23244 and GM53905), and to very helpful comments on the manuscript from Elliot Elson, Vlodya Gelfand, Paul Matsudaira, Julie Theriot, and Sally Zigmond.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular Motility Driven by Assembly and Disassembly of Actin Filaments
Thomas D. Pollard,Gary G. Borisy +1 more
TL;DR: A core set of proteins including actin, Arp2/3 complex, profilin, capping protein, and ADF/cofilin can reconstitute the process in vitro, and mathematical models of the constituent reactions predict the rate of motion.
Journal ArticleDOI
The interaction of Arp2/3 complex with actin: Nucleation, high affinity pointed end capping, and formation of branching networks of filaments
TL;DR: It is shown that Arp2/3 complex purified from Acanthamoeba caps the pointed ends of actin filaments with high affinity and increases the critical concentration for polymerization at the pointed end from 0.6 to 1.0 microM.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dissecting Temporal and Spatial Control of Cytokinesis with a Myosin II Inhibitor
Aaron F. Straight,Amy Cheung,John Limouze,Irene A. Chen,Nicholas J. Westwood,James R. Sellers,Timothy J. Mitchison +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that exit from the cytokinetic phase of the cell cycle depends on ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and continuous signals from microtubules are required to maintain the position of the cleavage furrow, and these signals control the localization of myosin II independently of other furrow components.
Journal ArticleDOI
Actions of cytochalasins on the organization of actin filaments and microtubules in a neuronal growth cone.
Paul Forscher,Stephen J. Smith +1 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that actin normally polymerizes at the leading edge and then flows rearward at a rate between 3-6 microns/min, which is consistent with their being secondary to effects of CB on lamellar F-actin.
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