Ralph B. D'Agostino

TL;DR: Differences were noted in the risk profiles for various manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD) that occurred before the age of 65 during the first 30 years of follow-up of the 5070 subjects of the original Framingham cohort, highlighting the need for future studies to distinguish better between those factors that precipitate cardiovascular events and those that relate to the pathogenesis of the underlying atherosclerosis.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of HbA 1c (A1C) levels between African Americans and non-Hispanic whites was evaluated, and a meta-analysis revealed the standard effect to be 0.31 (95% CI 0.39-0.25).

TL;DR: Elevated nonfasting plasma tHcy levels are independently associated with increased rates of all-cause and CVD mortality in the elderly.

TL;DR: Pulse pressure is an important risk factor for incident AF in a community-based sample and further research is needed to determine whether interventions that reduce pulse pressure will limit the growing incidence of AF.

TL;DR: Observational, nonrandomized studies have a role when RCTs are not available, and, even when they are available, to quantify effectiveness and other real world experiences and to adjust for pretreatment imbalances.