Jaypee Institute of Information Technology

About: Jaypee Institute of Information Technology is a education organization based out in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Cluster analysis. The organization has 2136 authors who have published 3435 publications receiving 31458 citations. The organization is also known as: JIIT Noida.

Scalability in Blockchain: Challenges and Solutions

Abstract: Since its inception blockchain technologies have grown tremendously. Their vast success can be attributed to both the research community and the industry. Although, initially, blockchain was confined to financial sector only, its decentralized and immutable ledger availability has made it popular for nonfinancial services as well. These include applicability in energy and memory constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices as well. However, the ever-increasing size of blockchains like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and so on has led to issues of scalability. Linear order of blockchain is now being changed to directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) based chains. Different approaches of side chain are also being explored to reduce processing time per transaction. Heterogeneous solutions are also being explored in this regard. It was observed that there are no descriptive work available explaining scalability concerns and solutions in present day blockchain scenario. In this chapter, we have covered chain partitioning-based scalability, DAGs-based scalability, and horizontal scalability through sharding and have discussed future directives.

Recent developments in the study of higher order nonclassical states

Abstract: Our recent observations ort higher order nonclassicality are described. Recently we have shown that a generalized notion of higher order nonclassicality (in terms of higher order moments) can be introduced. Under this generalized framework of higher order nonclassicality, conditions of higher order squeezing and higher order subpoissonian photon statistics are derived. Further, with the help of simple density matrices, it is shown that the higher order antibunching (HOA) and higher order subpoissonian photon statistics (HOSPS) are not the manifestation of the same phenomenon and consequently it is incorrect to use the condition of HOA as a test of HOSPS. It is established that the HOA and HOSPS may exist even in absence of the corresponding lower order phenomenon. It is also shown that the potential sources of Single photon must satisfy the condition of HOA. Most of the intermediate states are shown to satisfy the criteria of HOA. A protocol for comparison of potential Single photon sources (SPS) is reported here and the protocol is used to compare some of the existing proposals of SPS. Further, it is shown that it is possible to derive an arbitrarily large number of criterion for higher order nonclassicality but all of them does not yield new and interesting information.

The role of technological innovation and diffusion, energy consumption and financial development in affecting ecological footprint in BRICS: an empirical analysis

Abstract: Economic activities, technological innovation and diffusion, energy consumption and financial development have been significant in BRICS countries over the last three decades. Corresponding to it, BRICS have been facing substantial environmental deterioration. The growth of such factors needs a comprehensive analysis. Hence, this paper examines the impact of technological innovation and diffusion, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and financial development on ecological footprint under the Kuznets framework in BRICS countries over the time from 1990 to 2018. To confirm the long- and short-run relationship, we apply the second-generation and heterogeneity panel techniques. Where, to measure the impact of technological innovation and diffusion, energy consumption and financial development and other control variable on ecological footprint we use Westerlund Co-integration and pooled mean group (PMG) model for this interest. The results reveal that technological diffusion and non-renewable energy consumption deteriorate environmental quality in the long run. In contrast, renewable energy and technological innovation improve environmental sustainability/quality significantly. Further, results also confirm the existence of the EKC hypothesis. The study suggests that the government should encourage technological innovation and renewable energy consumption to improve environmental quality and achieve the sustainable development goal (SDG).

Research on product review analysis and spam review detection

Abstract: Many e-commerce web sites enable their customers to write product reviews and feedback in the form of ratings. This gives the company personnel an indication about their products' standing in the market, while also enabling fellow customers to form an opinion and help purchase a product. However, due to the reason of profit or fame, many target products are promoted or demoted in the form of spam. It may contain fake reviews or malicious opinions, which is misleading. In this paper, we make an attempt to detect spam and fake reviews, and filter out reviews with expletives, vulgar and curse words, by incorporating sentiment analysis. Other studies solve this by using just the ratings as a parameter. This paper, however, by taking upon consideration Amazon dataset, matches the posted rating with the calculated ratings of each review, by producing a sentiment score with the help of an inhouse dictionary. Finally, we graphically show and analyze the different features of the product which adds to its popularity or demotion.

Survey on Lightweight Primitives and Protocols for RFID in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: The use of radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies is becoming widespread in all kind of wireless network-based applications. As expected, applications based on sensor networks, ad-hoc or mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) can be highly benefited from the adoption of RFID solutions. There is a strong need to employ lightweight cryptographic primitives for many security applications because of the tight cost and constrained resource requirement of sensor based networks. This paper mainly focuses on the security analysis of lightweight protocols and algorithms proposed for the security of RFID systems . A large number of research solutions have been proposed to implement lightweight cryptographic primitives and protocols in sensor and RFID integration based resource constraint networks. In this work, an overview of the currently discussed lightweight primitives and their attributes has been done. These primitives and protocols have been compared based on gate equivalents (GEs), power, technology, strengths, weaknesses and attacks. Further, an integration of primitives and protocols is compared with the possibilities of their applications in practical scenarios.