Long Island University

About: Long Island University is a education organization based out in Brookville, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 2647 authors who have published 4924 publications receiving 108757 citations.

Synthesis, characterization, biodegradation, and drug delivery application of biodegradable lactic/glycolic acid oligomers: Part II. Biodegradation and drug delivery application.

Abstract: Previously synthesized lactic/glycolic acid (PLGA) oligomers with different compositions (i.e. different ratio of lactic to glycolic acid in the oligomers) were further studied regarding their biodegradation and drug delivery application. The PLGA oligomers have fast biodegradation characteristics. They degrade to water soluble substances, i.e. lactic and glycolic acids, at a rate of 31.43-40.68 mg day-1 in a medium of constant pH and 28.04-37.87 mg day-1 in a medium of non-constant pH. The biodegradation rate is affected by the composition of the PLGA oligomers and the pH of the incubating medium. The higher the content of glycolic acid moiety in the oligomer, the faster the biodegradation rate. The lower the pH of the incubating medium, the slower the biodegradation of PLGA oligomers. A sustained-release drug delivery system based on the PLGA oligomers was fabricated as injectable microgranules by thermal blending of the PLGA oligomers and drug. Aspirin was used as a model drug. The oligomeric microgranules have advantages of easy fabrication, high drug loading efficiency, easy administration, and fast biodegradation. This thermal blending preparation method has a high loading efficiency of more than 90%. The PLGA oligomeric microgranules can release drug from 9 to 13 days depending on the oligomer composition. Both drug release rate and release duration are influenced by composition of the oligomers. The PLGA oligomeric matrix has the capability of protecting aspirin from hydrolysis. The lactic/glycolic acid oligomeric microgranules have potential use for sustained-release drug delivery.

Ultrastructural studies on the cyanelles of glaucocystis nostochinearum itzigsohn(1).

Abstract: Ultrastructural studies conducted on the intracellular symbiont of Glaucocystis nostochinearum Itz., a unicellular alga with a debated taxonomic position, have shown that the endosymbiont, although somewhat aberrant, is a blue-green alga. Due possibly to its intracellular habitat, it lacks the characteristic cyanophycean double-layered cell wall and the cells appear to be completely naked, bound only by a single plasma membrane. The protoplasm of the cell is differentiated into the lamellated chromatoplasm, which contains the photosynthetic pigments and polyphosphate granules, and a nonlamellar ccntroplasm, in which the nucleic material is dispersed. The usual cyanophycean organelles, as well as the different vacuoles and granules, with the exception of the formed bodies, are missing. Approximately 10% of the cells sliows a peculiar homogeneous area at one tip, the nature of which is unknown. Binary fission of the organism is mentioned. Since this cyanelle has not yet been classified, we name it Skujapelta nuda nov. gen., nov. sp.; and because of its structural peculiarities we find it necessary to create a new family for it, Skujapeltaceae in the order Chroococcales.

Dietary pterostilbene is a novel MTA1-targeted chemopreventive and therapeutic agent in prostate cancer.

Abstract: Overexpression of the epigenetic modifier metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is associated with aggressive human prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine MTA1- targeted chemopreventive and therapeutic efficacy of pterostilbene, a natural potent analog of resveratrol, in pre-clinical models of prostate cancer. Here, we show that high levels of MTA1 expression in Pten-loss prostate cooperate with key oncogenes, including c-Myc and Akt among others, to promote prostate cancer progression. Loss-of-function studies using human prostate cancer cells indicated direct involvement of MTA1 in inducing inflammation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of MTA1 by pterostilbene resulted in decreased proliferation and angiogenesis and increased apoptosis. This restrained prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) formation in prostate-specific Pten heterozygous mice and reduced tumor development and progression in prostate-specific Pten-null mice. Our findings highlight MTA1 as a key upstream regulator of prostate tumorigenesis and cancer progression. More significantly, it offers pre-clinical proof for pterostilbene as a promising lead natural agent for MTA1-targeted chemopreventive and therapeutic strategy to curb prostate cancer.

A Conceptual Model of the Life Cycle of Addiction

Abstract: (1967). A Conceptual Model of the Life Cycle of Addiction. International Journal of the Addictions: Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 221-240.