Long Island University

About: Long Island University is a education organization based out in Brookville, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 2647 authors who have published 4924 publications receiving 108757 citations.

What's Gender Got to Do with It? A Critique of RDA 9.7

Abstract: The Library of Congress (LC) and the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) interpretation of Resource Description and Access (RDA) 9.7 regarding gender when identifying persons reinforces regressive conceptions of gender identity. The rule instructs catalogers to record gender when identifying persons, and although RDA gives catalogers the flexibility to record more than two gender labels, LC limits Name Authority Cooperative Program (NACO) catalogers to a binary label: male, female, or not known. In this article, the authors challenge gender as a descriptive attribute for personal names, critique how LC is instructing NACO catalogers to record elements about gender, and make recommendations to address describing persons in LC authority records.

Metabolomic and Lipidomic Biomarkers for Premalignant Liver Disease Diagnosis and Therapy.

Abstract: In recent years, there has been a plethora of attempts to discover biomarkers that are more reliable than α-fetoprotein for the early prediction and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Efforts have involved such fields as genomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics, microRNA, exosomes, proteomics, glycoproteomics, and metabolomics. HCC arises against a background of inflammation, steatosis, and cirrhosis, due mainly to hepatic insults caused by alcohol abuse, hepatitis B and C virus infection, adiposity, and diabetes. Metabolomics offers an opportunity, without recourse to liver biopsy, to discover biomarkers for premalignant liver disease, thereby alerting the potential of impending HCC. We have reviewed metabolomic studies in alcoholic liver disease (ALD), cholestasis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Specificity was our major criterion in proposing clinical evaluation of indole-3-lactic acid, phenyllactic acid, N-lauroylglycine, decatrienoate, N-acetyltaurine for ALD, urinary sulfated bile acids for cholestasis, cervonoyl ethanolamide for fibrosis, 16α-hydroxyestrone for cirrhosis, and the pattern of acyl carnitines for NAFL and NASH. These examples derive from a large body of published metabolomic observations in various liver diseases in adults, adolescents, and children, together with animal models. Many other options have been tabulated. Metabolomic biomarkers for premalignant liver disease may help reduce the incidence of HCC.

Phylogenomic analysis of Haemophilus parasuis and proposed reclassification to Glaesserella parasuis, gen. nov., comb. nov.

Abstract: The Gram-negative bacterium Haemophilus parasuis is the etiologic agent of Glasser's disease in pigs, and causes significant economic losses to the swine industry. This bacterium has been classified as a member of the family Pasteurellaceae in the genus Haemophilus, but phylogenetic relatedness has not been adequately examined to support this genus classification. Phenotypically, all 38 strains of H. parasuis tested were positive for catalase activity, oxidase activity, V-factor requirement, and acid formation from maltose and d-galactose without gas. All strains were negative for X-factor requirement, formation of indole from tryptophan, urease, l-arabinose, and α-glucosidase activity. To determine whether H. parasuis belongs to one of the current Pasteurellaceae genera 40 H. parasuis genomes, plus those of representative Pasteurellaceae, were subjected to phylogenetic analysis of concatenated, multi-protein alignments. Sequence variation at 16S rRNA and rpoB loci allowed the 15 reference serovars of H. parasuis to be integrated into the whole-genome tree. The phylogenetic analysis showed H. parasuis to be a distinct and tight clade whose sister taxon is the genus Bibersteinia. Within H. parasuis two clades were identified with individual serovars distributed between the two. As a result, H. parasuis was confirmed as a member of the family Pasteurellaceae, but was distinct from other genera in this family. Therefore, we propose the name Glaesserella parasuis, gen. nov., comb. nov. for bacterial strains currently classified as H. parasuis. The reference strain of this species is ATCC 19417 (1374)T, NCTC 4557T, DSM 21448T, CCUG 3712T.

Energy drink consumption and associated health behaviors among university students in an urban setting.

Abstract: The objective of this study is to describe energy drink consumption and health behaviors among college students attending a predominantly minority university. Undergraduate and graduate students attending a private, minority-serving university were invited to participate in an online survey between September 2009 and August 2010. Out of 2,500 students, 407 participated yielding a response of 16 %. Analysis assessed energy drink consumption as well as participation in sport activities and high-risk behaviors. Energy drink consumption is significantly related with drinking alcohol to inebriation and driving (r = .14, p < .05) and to riding with a drunk driver (r = .15, p < .05). Athletes were more likely to engage in drinking alcohol to inebriation and driving F (1, 186) = 6.12, p < .02. Energy drink consumption is a common practice among racial minority university students. Tailored health promotion strategies and interventions are needed to address misconceptions of energy drink and alcohol mixing.