Long Island University

About: Long Island University is a education organization based out in Brookville, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 2647 authors who have published 4924 publications receiving 108757 citations.

Differences in Eating Behavior, Physical Activity, and Health-related Lifestyle Choices between Users and Nonusers of Mobile Health Apps

Abstract: Background: Weight gain and lifestyle behaviors during college may contribute to future health problems. This population may not have sufficient self-monitoring skills to maintain healthy lifestyle behaviors. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between usages of mobile health applications (apps) designed to track diet and physical activity and health-related behaviors of college students. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 401 university students completed a survey to assess eating behavior, physical activity, and health-related lifestyle choices and mobile health app usage. Results: Mobile health app users had significantly higher scores for eating behavior than nonusers, and the impact of using more than one type of mobile health app significantly improved eating behavior. Most participants also identified app use with feeling healthier, better self-monitoring of food intake and exercise, and having more motivation to eat healthier and increase physical activit...

Leadership in Street-Level Bureaucracy: An Exploratory Study of Supervisor-Worker Interactions in Emergency Medical Services

Abstract: Street-level bureaucrats operate in a world relatively free of supervision, exercising discretionary abilities often without the presence of formal authority figures or managers. Although wide latitude in decision making is a norm of frontline work, leaders may occasionally be present to supervise service provision. This exploratory research employs narrative inquiry to examine the interactions of street-level personnel and formal authority figures during service provision in emergency medical services. Results indicate that occasions for compliance and disregard for managerial directives are manifest. Compliant behavior was evident when patient clinical needs were relatively clear and the effects of the directives were reasonably consistent with the paramedic’s preconceived notions of appropriate action. Deviation from managerial directives was apparent when patient’s positive outcomes were dependent on ignoring orders. Contributions to theory and practice, as well as avenues for future research are disc...

Men’s Self-Reported Descriptions and Precipitants of Domestic Violence Perpetration as Reported in Intake Evaluations

Abstract: This study examines descriptions and precipitants of domestic violence events, as reported by 24 males in intake interviews for a domestic violence treatment program. Six categories were derived for men’s descriptions/explanations of violent incidents and 11 categories were derived for precipitants of violence. Men’s accounts of their violent interactions reveal a wider range of descriptions than those often discussed in the literature, including direct acknowledgment and remorse. The most frequently reported precipitants were arguments regarding children/pets, violence of partner, alcohol use, overwhelming emotions, and arguments regarding jealousy; these were consistent with previously identified precipitants. Kappas indicated that rates of interrater agreement for descriptions and precipitants reached acceptable reliability. Results extend the widely-cited findings on men’s self-appraisals of intimate partner violence and support past work on proximal factors that elicit violent partner responses. We propose a taxonomy of proximal antecedents of intimate partner violence to integrate present findings with previous research.

Rhabdomyolysis caused by a potential sitagliptin-lovastatin interaction.

Abstract: A 75-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia came to the emergency department with generalized and upper-extremity weakness; she had experienced a fall 2 months earlier. On admission, her drug therapy included lovastatin 40 mg/day, controlled-release diltiazem 240 mg/day, and glimepiride 1 mg/day. Nineteen days earlier, sitagliptin 100 mg/day had been started; it was discontinued 2 weeks later, and glimepiride was begun. A cardiology consultation performed on the day of admission determined that a markedly elevated creatine kinase-myocardial band isoenzyme level and borderline-high troponin I level were diagnostic of rhabdomyolysis secondary to statin use. Because the patient had been taking lovastatin for the past 12 years, the possibility that the rhabdomyolysis may have been caused by a drug interaction between lovastatin and a concomitant drug was evaluated. As it had been 10 months since her last dosage adjustment of diltiazem, it was unlikely that the statin-induced rhabdomyolysis was precipitated by diltiazem. Use of the Drug Interaction Probability Scale to determine the strength of a lovastatin-sitagliptin interaction indicated a possible association (score of 4). Multiple drug interactions have been reported with lovastatin. To our knowledge, however, this is the first case report of a possible sitagliptin-lovastatin interaction that may have caused rhabdomyolysis. Studies must be performed to further evaluate the in vivo effect of sitagliptin on the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme system and to elucidate other mechanisms that may potentiate such a drug-drug interaction. In the meantime, however, clinicians should be aware of this possible drug interaction.