Long Island University

About: Long Island University is a education organization based out in Brookville, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 2647 authors who have published 4924 publications receiving 108757 citations.

Nutrient limitation, organic matter cycling, and plankton dynamics during an Aureococcus anophagefferens bloom

Abstract: We evaluated plankton dynamics and the role of nutrients (organic and inorganic) during an intense (>1.5 × 10 6 cells ml -1 ) and sustained (>4 mo) brown tide bloom of the pelagophyte Aureococcus anophagefferens during the summer of 2000 in Great South Bay (GSB), New York, USA. During the study, light and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) levels were low (mean 1% light depth = 2 m, mean DIN = 0.7 µM), while dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen levels were high (mean = 600 and 45 µM, respectively). Co-occurring with the A. anophagefferens bloom was a consortium of other small phytoplankton: 60 ± 19% of chlorophyll present during the bloom was 10 6 cells ml -1 following the peak of the brown tide. Although the growth of non-brown-tide phytoplankton, such as picocyanobacteria, was consistently enhanced by nitrate and urea additions (during 100% of experiments conducted, n = 18), the net population growth of A. anophagefferens was not stimulated by N-enrichment in 60% of the experiments. During bloom initiation, decreases in DOC, DON, and DOP concentrations in GSB were similar to concurrent calculated increases in cellular C, N, and P of the burgeoning A. anophagefferens population, suggesting direct or indirect utilization of compounds within these pools by brown tide and associated microbes. In contrast, levels of DOM rose sharply when A. anophagefferens densities decreased and picocyanobacteria became the dominant phototrophs. These results illustrate a dichotomy in the algal communities of estuaries which host brown tides: often nitrogen-replete A. anophagefferens populations which are associated with DOM degradation and non-brown-tide phytoplankton populations such as picocyanobacteria which are consistently nitrogen-limited and associated with water column accumulation of DOM.

Governance and Performance Changes after Accusations of Corporate Fraud

Abstract: Using a sample of companies charged with government, financial reporting, or stakeholder fraud or regulatory violation in the United States during the 1978–2001 period, this study found that after the accusation of fraud, companies increased the proportion of outsider directors on their boards of directors and on the monitoring committees of the boards. Furthermore, the results show comparable long-run stock price and operating performance between companies charged with fraud and a matching sample of companies not accused of fraud. Collectively, these results suggest that improvements in internal control systems following accusations of fraud help repair a company’s damaged reputation and reinstate confidence in the company.

Attachment in African American and European American older adults: the roles of early life socialization and religiosity.

Abstract: The significance of attachment relationships in later life has recently emerged as an important topic of study. Yet little attention has focused on attachment dynamics among older minority adults. This paper extends the literatures on ethnicity, attachment, and later life by examining attachment patterns in two large community-dwelling samples of older (65 + years) African American (n=671) and European American (n=447) adults. Data gathered during face-to-face interviews included demographic information, adult attachment, early rearing experiences, and current religiosity. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that adult attachment dimensions were differentially predicted by childhood socialization patterns and current religiosity. Significant ethnic differences in relations between adult attachment and childhood socialization practices also were found. The results highlight the importance of examining contextual differences in attachment in later life.