Long Island University

About: Long Island University is a education organization based out in Brookville, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 2647 authors who have published 4924 publications receiving 108757 citations.

Alcohol enhances Acinetobacter baumannii-associated pneumonia and systemic dissemination by impairing neutrophil antimicrobial activity in a murine model of infection.

Abstract: Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in chronic alcoholics in tropical and sub-tropical climates and associated with a >50% mortality rate. Using a murine model of alcohol (EtOH) administration, we demonstrated that EtOH enhances Ab-mediated pneumonia leading to systemic infection. Although EtOH did not affect neutrophil recruitment to the lungs of treated mice, it decreased phagocytosis and killing of bacteria by these leukocytes leading to increased microbial burden and severity of disease. Moreover, we determined that mice that received EtOH prior to Ab infection were immunologically impaired, which was reflected in increased pulmonary inflammation, sequential dissemination to the liver and kidneys, and decreased survival. Furthermore, immunosuppression by EtOH was associated with deregulation of cytokine production in the organs of infected mice. This study establishes that EtOH impairs immunity in vivo exacerbating Ab infection and disease progression. The ability of Ab to cause disease in alcoholics warrants the study of its virulence mechanisms and host interactions.

E‐readers in an academic library setting

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show how e‐book readers are used in an academic library setting.Design/methodology/approach – The approach takes the form of a literature review and e‐mail survey to academic library administrators.Findings – Although the survey sample responding was not large, it was felt that it represented a microcosm of intelligent academic library administrators that might be involved in the eventual decision‐making process to acquire these devices for their libraries.Research limitations/implications – It would have been better if the sampling were larger. It would also have been beneficial to get a sample involving students and faculty.Practical implications – This is an interesting technology that has great potential for the future of book publishing and has great academic library possibilities.Social implications – This is a possible paradigm shifting event.Originality/value – This paper shows only the tip of the iceberg. There are much more data shortly yet to come about...

Structural Properties, Order–Disorder Phenomena,and Phase Stability of Orotic Acid Crystal Forms

Abstract: Orotic acid (OTA) is reported to exist in the anhydrous (AH), monohydrate (Hy1), and dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate (SDMSO) forms. In this study we investigate the (de)hydration/desolvation behavior, aiming at an understanding of the elusive structural features of anhydrous OTA by a combination of experimental and computational techniques, namely, thermal analytical methods, gravimetric moisture (de)sorption studies, water activity measurements, X-ray powder diffraction, spectroscopy (vibrational, solid-state NMR), crystal energy landscape, and chemical shift calculations. The Hy1 is a highly stable hydrate, which dissociates above 135 °C and loses only a small part of the water when stored over desiccants (25 °C) for more than one year. In Hy1, orotic acid and water molecules are linked by strong hydrogen bonds in nearly perfectly planar arranged stacked layers. The layers are spaced by 3.1 A and not linked via hydrogen bonds. Upon dehydration the X-ray powder diffraction and solid-state NMR peaks become...

Generating function techniques for loop quantum cosmology

Abstract: Loop quantum cosmology leads to a difference equation for the wavefunction of a universe, which, in general, has solutions changing rapidly even when the volume changes only slightly For a semiclassical regime, such small-scale oscillations must be suppressed by choosing the parameters of the solution appropriately For anisotropic models, this is not possible to do numerically by trial and error; instead, it is shown here, for the Bianchi I LRS model, how this can be done analytically, by using generating function techniques Those techniques can also be applied to more complicated models, and the results gained allow conclusions about initial value problems for other systems